Peptides for angiogenic therapy

ABSTRACT

Provided herein are compositions including peptide or nucleic acids encoding peptides and related methods for the treatment of angiogenic conditions such as cancer, vascular disorders such as cardiovascular disorders, and infectious disease.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation of and claims the benefit of priorityunder 35 U.S.C. § 120 to U.S. patent application Ser. No. 17/157,617,filed on Jan. 25, 2021, which is a divisional of and claims the benefitof priority under 35 U.S.C. § 120 to U.S. patent application Ser. No.16/465,808, filed on May 31, 2019, now U.S. Pat. No. 10,934,334, whichis a U.S. National Stage Filing under 35 U.S.C. 371 from InternationalApplication No. PCT/US2019/015210, filed on Jan. 25, 2019, which claimsthe benefit of the filing date of U.S. application No. 62/622,012, filedon Jan. 25, 2018, the disclosure of each of which is incorporated byreference herein in its entirety.

BACKGROUND

Angiogenesis and lymphanogensis, formation of new blood and lymphvessels, is an essential component in health. While physiologicalangiogenesis is needed for maintenance of normal tissue growth,remodeling, and regeneration, disease states co-opt this processresulting in dysregulated angiogenesis in a number of disordersincluding cancer, inflammatory, infectious and eye diseases as well asimpaired cardiac and neuronal function (Carmeliet, 2005; Osherov et al.,2016).

In cancer, angiogenic processes are hijacked to feed the growing tumorswith oxygen and nutrients (Kerbel, 2009; Achen et al., 2002). Therefore,anti-angiogenics in combination with chemotherapy have shownconsiderable promise. However, anti-angiogenics such as Avastin(anti-VEGF inhibitors) can induce various signaling pathways that resultin drug resistance and recurrence of invasion and metastasis, therebyresulting in poor outcomes of overall survival (Jayson et al., 2016).

Glioblastoma MultiForme (GBM) is the most aggressive brain cancer,constituting 38% of primary tumors. The diverse nature of the tumormicroenvironment with highly diffused invasive margins has renderedtraditional methods of surgical resection followed by chemotherapy andradiation ineffective. GBM has one of the most dysfunctional tumorvasculatures due to its unique angiogenic pathologies developed by thebreakdown of intratumoral blood brain barrier.

In contrast to cancer, conditions such as myocardial infarction,peripheral vascular disease and neurodegenerative diseases have thefeature of faulty and leaky vasculature due to attenuated angiogenesis,which can lead to organ and tissue failure particularly under ischemicinjury. Proangiogenic therapies have proven intractable due tounfavorable pharmacokinetic profiles of angiogenic factors such as VEGFdue to their inherent instability (De Rosa et al., 2018).

A-kinase-interacting protein 1 (AKIP1, aka BCA3) may be a potentoncogenic agent promoting angiogenesis and lymphanogenesis in a numberof cancers such as breast, small cell lung, esophageal squamous andheptocellular carcinomas (Guo et al., 2017; Lin et al., 2015; Mo et al.,2016; Ma et al., 2018). AKIP1 was first identified as a protein highlyexpressed in breast and prostate cancers with little to no expression innormal breast and prostate tissues (Kitching et al., 2003).

AKIP1 is upregulated upon ischemia-reperfusion injury (I/R injury),increases in PKA signaling, improves cardiac function, and enhancesmitochondrial protection upon ischemic stress (Sastri et al., 2013).AKIP1 also may play a role in infectious disease. AKIP1 interacts withHIV-protease (HIV-PR) and enhances p53 mediated apoptosis (Rumlova etal., 2014). Further, AKIP1 is incorporated into the HIV virions and maybe essential for HIV replication (Rumlova et al., 2018). In a similarmanner, AKIP1 is binding partner of Mason-Pfizer monkey virus (MPMV)protease (PR) and is incorporated into its virions (Rumlova et al.,2014). In addition, AKIP1 has been shown to interact with the RingFinger domain of Trypanosoma cruzi (Hashimoto et al., 2010) as well aswith Hepatitis B Virus Core protein (Lin et al., 2006). These studiesshow that AKIP1 may be involved in viral/parasitical pathogenicity.

AKIP1 scaffolds key signaling molecules including Apotosis inducingfactor (AIF), Heat shock protein 70 (HSP-70), protein kinase A (PKA) andnuclear factor kappa-B (NF-kappaB) (Sastri et al., 2013; King et al.,2011; Sastri et al., 2005; Gao et al., 2008; Gao et al., 2010). Innormal cells, there is an interplay of these molecules in differentsignaling pathways leading to cell growth and differentiation. But underpathophysiological conditions, proteins such as NF-kappaB and PKA haveseminal roles in tumor development, progression, metastasis, and havebeen implicated in both intrinsic and acquired chemotherapy resistance(Liu et al., 2014; Perez Pinero et al., 2012; Hanahan et al., 3000;Nakagawa et al., 2015; Prasad et al., 2009).

AKIP1 is a relatively small protein (between 17-23 kDa) and in humans,there are three major splice variants of AKIP1: AKIP1a, AKIP1b, whichlacks the third exon, and the predominant AKIP1c, which lacks the thirdand fifth exon (AKIP1c). A recent study identified anotheruncharacterized splice variant that lacks only the fifth exon (Zhang etal., 2014), which variant is referred to as AKIP1d herein.

SUMMARY

AKIP1 is involved in angiogenesis via signaling proteins such as PKAc,AIF, HSP-70 and p65 subunit of NF-κB. Additionally, AKIP1 isoforms showdifferential binding to these proteins. As disclosed herein, isoformspecific-expression of AKIP1 may be involved in angiogenesis, e.g., as adriver of tumor recalcitrance and metastasis in cancer. Peptides wereidentified, e.g., peptides of AKIP1, PKAc, HSP-70 and p65, includingpeptides having SEQ ID Nos. 1-25, that showed angiogenic and/orapoptotic activity, e.g., as a result of binding to AKIP1 or AKIPinteracting proteins, thus disrupting AKIP1 mediated signaling. Thus,peptide and peptide mimetics derived from AKIP1 and its interactingproteins including but not limited to PKAc, RelA (p65 NF-κB), AIF andHSP70 may be employed prophylactically or therapeutically. For example,peptides with anti-angiogenic or apoptotic activity may be useful inangiogenic therapies including treating cancer. Thus, the presentdisclosure provides peptides that inhibit the growth of tumors, e.g.,AKIP1-positive tumors. For instance, specific isoforms of AKIP1 involvedin oncogenesis were identified and these or factors that interact withAKIP1 may be used to prevent, inhibit or treat diseases, e.g.,angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis diseases, including ischemic heartdiseases, and cancer. The peptides may be tested in various CRISPRderived AKIP1 isoform specific cell lines for their efficacy. Stablecell lines of the peptides may be used in xenograft models. Peptideswith angiogenic or anti-apoptotic activity may be useful in otherdiseases or disorders.

The disclosure provides a pharmaceutical composition comprising aneffective amount of any one of SEQ ID Nos. 1-25, or a fragment thereofthat alters angiogenesis or apoptosis, or a peptide having the length ofand at least 85% amino acid sequence identity to any one of SEQ ID Nos.1-25. In one embodiment, the peptide is fused to another peptide,thereby forming a fusion peptide. In one embodiment, the fusion peptideis a N-terminal or a C-terminal fusion. In one embodiment, the fusionpeptide is a N-terminal and a C-terminal fusion. In one embodiment, theother peptide is a cell or tissue targeting peptide. In one embodiment,the composition comprises a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. In oneembodiment, the composition is in a liposome. In one embodiment, thecomposition of is in a nanoparticle. In one embodiment, the peptide isPEGylated. In one embodiment, the peptide has 5, 6, 7, 10, 12, or 15fewer amino acid residues relative to SEQ ID Nos. 1-25. In oneembodiment, the peptide has 4 or fewer amino acid residues relative toSEQ ID Nos. 1-25. In one embodiment, the peptide has at least 88%, 90%,95%, 96%, 97%, 98% or 99% amino acid sequence identity to one of SEQ IDNos. 1-25.

The disclosure further provides a pharmaceutical composition comprisingan effective amount of, in one embodiment, PEPTIDE1 (SEQ ID NO:1),PEPTIDE2 (SEQ ID NO:2), PEPTIDE3 (SEQ ID NO:3), PEPTIDE4 (SEQ ID NO:4),PEPTIDE5 (SEQ ID NO:5), PEPTIDE7 (SEQ ID NO:7), PEPTIDE8 (SEQ ID NO:8),PEPTIDE9 (SEQ ID NO:9), PEPTIDE10 (SEQ ID NO:10), PEPTIDE11 (SEQ IDNO:11), PEPTIDE13 (SEQ ID NO:13), PEPTIDE14 (SEQ ID NO:14), PEPTIDE15(SEQ ID NO:15), PEPTIDE16 (SEQ ID NO:16), PEPTIDE17 (SEQ ID NO:17),PEPTIDE18 (SEQ ID NO:18), or a fragment thereof that induces apoptosisor is anti-angiogenic, or a peptide having the length of and at least85% amino acid sequence identity to the sequence of PEPTIDE1, PEPTIDE2,PEPTIDE3, PEPTIDE4, PEPTIDE5, PEPTIDE7, PEPTIDE8, PEPTIDE9, PEPTIDE10,PEPTIDE11, PEPTIDE13, PEPTIDE14, PEPTIDE15, PEPTIDE16, PEPTIDE17,PEPTIDE18, or a fragment thereof that induces apoptosis or isanti-angiogenic, or any combination hereof. In one embodiment, thepeptide is fused to another peptide, thereby forming a fusion peptide.In one embodiment, the fusion peptide is a N-terminal or a C-terminalfusion. In one embodiment, the fusion peptide is a N-terminal and aC-terminal fusion. In one embodiment, the other peptide is a cell ortissue targeting peptide. In one embodiment, the composition comprises apharmaceutically acceptable carrier. In one embodiment, the compositionis in a liposome. In one embodiment, the composition of is in ananoparticle. In one embodiment, the peptide is PEGylated. In oneembodiment, the peptide has 5, 6, 7, 10, 12, or 15 fewer amino acidresidues relative to SEQ ID Nos. 1-5, 7-11, or 13-18. In one embodiment,the peptide has 4 or fewer amino acid residues relative to SEQ ID Nos.1-5, 7-11, or 13-18. In one embodiment, the peptide has at least 88%,90%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98% or 99% amino acid sequence identity to one ofSEQ ID Nos. 1-5, 7-11, or 13-18.

Also provided is a pharmaceutical composition comprising an effectiveamount of PEPTIDE4 (SEQ ID NO:4), PEPTIDE6 (SEQ ID NO:6), PEPTIDE8 (SEQID NO:8), PEPTIDE10 (SEQ ID NO:10), PEPTIDE11 (SEQ ID NO:11), PEPTIDE12(SEQ ID NO:12), PEPTIDE16 (SEQ ID NO:16), or a fragment thereof thatinduces angiogenesis or enhances cell survival, or a peptide having thelength of and at least 85% amino acid sequence identity to the sequenceof PEPTIDE4, PEPTIDE8, PEPTIDE10, PEPTIDE11 or PEPTIDE16, or a fragmentthereof that induces angiogenesis or enhances cell survival. In oneembodiment, the peptide is fused to another peptide, thereby forming afusion peptide. In one embodiment, the fusion peptide is a N-terminal ora C-terminal fusion. In one embodiment, the fusion peptide is aN-terminal and a C-terminal fusion. In one embodiment, the other peptideis a cell or tissue targeting peptide. In one embodiment, thecomposition comprises a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. In oneembodiment, the composition is in a liposome. In one embodiment, thecomposition of is in a nanoparticle. In one embodiment, the peptide isPEGylated. In one embodiment, the peptide has 5, 6, 7, 10, 12, or 15fewer amino acid residues relative to SEQ ID Nos. 2, 4, 6, 8, 10-12, or16. In one embodiment, the peptide has 4 or fewer amino acid residuesrelative to SEQ ID Nos. 2, 4, 6, 8, 10-12, or 16. In one embodiment, thepeptide has at least 88%, 90%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98% or 99% amino acidsequence identity to one of SEQ ID Nos. 2, 4, 6, 8, 10-12, or 16.

The peptides may be stabilized for drug delivery, for example, usingmodifications including but not limited to synthesis as PEGylatedpeptides, retro-inverso peptides and stapled peptides or may bedelivered as cargos on lentiviruses, adenoviruses and the like asdisclosed below.

Also provided is a viral vector comprising nucleic acid comprising anucleotide sequence encoding any one of SEQ ID Nos. 1-25, or a fragmentthereof that alters angiogenesis or apoptosis, or a peptide having thelength of and at least 85% amino acid sequence identity to any one ofSEQ ID Nos. 1-25, or a fragment thereof that alters angiogenesis orapoptosis. In one embodiment, the vector is a lentivirus vector or anadenovirus vector.

A recombinant virus comprising nucleic acid comprising a nucleotidesequence encoding any one of SEQ ID Nos. 1-25, or a fragment thereofthat alters angiogenesis or apoptosis, or a peptide having the length ofand at least 85% amino acid sequence identity to any one of SEQ ID Nos.1-25, or a fragment thereof that alters angiogenesis or apoptosis, isprovided. In one embodiment, the virus is a lentivirus or an adenovirus.

The disclosure provides a method to prevent, inhibit or treat aberrantangiogenesis in a mammal, comprising: administering to a mammal in needthereof an effective amount of the composition, the vector, or the virusdescribed herein. In one embodiment, the mammal has cancer. In oneembodiment, the mammal has an infectious disease, neutropenia, ocularneovascularization, retinal vascular disease, neovascular glaucoma,meningitis, encephalitis, sleep apnea, obesity, gestational diabetesmellitus, proliferative diabetic retinopathy, diabetic macular edema,familial hypercholesterolemia, a skin or subcutaneous disorder such ascutaneous inflammation, psorisis, phototoxicity, chronic skininflammation, atopic dermatitis, eczema, orpolymyositis/dermatomyositis, a chronic inflammatory disease such asinflammatory bowel disease, rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis,Crohn's disease, Lyme disease, multiple sclerosis, Type 1 diabetes,psoriatic arthritis, restless legs syndrome (RLS), fibromyalgia,dermatitis herpetiformis, Sjögren's syndrome, systemic lupuserythematosus, or gout, a respiratory disease such as asthma, chronicobstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), or atypical lymphoid disorders, aninflammatory disease of the genitourinary system disease such asendometriosis, an inflammatory disease of the digestive system, such asliver fibrosis, a neonatal or perinatal disease such as retinopathy ofprematurity, infant respiratory distress syndrome, cyanosis, neonatalconjunctivitis, intraventricular hemorrhage, Coat's disease, childhoodInterstitial lung disease, Fifth disease, hand, foot, and mouth disease,croup, scarlet fever, impetigo, Kawasaki Disease, Reye's Syndrome,diphtheria, an age-related disease such as age-related maculardegeneration, or frontotemporal dementias like Pick disease,Gorham-Stout Disease, adrenoleukodystrophy, abetalipoproteinemiaarthrogryposis, adrenomyeloneuropathy, antisynthetase syndrome,ancylostomiasis, Addison's Disease, amyloidosis, birdshotchorioretinopathy, malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors, Moyamoya,sarcoidosis, systemic capillary leak syndrome, or plasma cell dyscrasia.In one embodiment, the mammal is a human.

A method to decrease apoptosis in a mammal, comprising: administering toa mammal in need thereof an effective amount of the composition, thevector, or the virus described herein is provided. In one embodiment,the mammal has a vascular or cardiovascular disorder. In one embodiment,the mammal has a genitourinary system disease including male infertilityor erectile dysfunction, a disease of the digestive system such asnonalcoholic steatohepatitis, a newborn or prenatal condition such asfetal hypoxia, respiratory distress syndrome, bronchopulmonarydysplasia, sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS), perinatal Asphyxia,necrotizing enterocolitis, patent ductus arteriosus, or erythroblastosis(blue baby syndrome), an age-related disease such as Parkinson's,Presbycusis and age-related hearing loss, osteoporosis, vasculardementia, Lewy Body dementia, or ataxia, common variableimmunodeficiency, neonatal respiratory distress syndrome, preeclampsiaor a congenital circulatory abnormality (e.g., Tetralogy of Fallot). Inone embodiment, the mammal is a human.

In one embodiment, pro-angiogenic peptides are useful in treatingcertain anti-angiogenic cardiovascular diseases, e.g., CAD, andanti-angiogenic peptides are useful in treating pro-angiogeniccardiovascular diseases such as neonatal intraventricular hemorrhage.

Also provided is a mammalian host cell, the genome of which is augmentedby a vector comprising nucleic acid comprising a nucleotide sequenceencoding a peptide having one of SEQ ID Nos. 1-25, or a fragment thereofwith apoptotic or angiogenic activity, or a peptide having the length ofand at least 85% amino acid sequence identity to one of SEQ ID Nos.1-25, or a fragment thereof with apoptotic or angiogenic activity.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

FIG. 1 . Overview of AKP1 in cancer. AKIP1 is involved in varioussignaling pathways both at the nucleus and at the mitochondria. AKIPdisrupting peptides (ADPs) could disrupt the various signalingmolecules/complexes (such as PKA-NF-κB, AIF, HSP-70 etc).

FIGS. 2A-B. The various splice variants of AKIPI and its sequences. A)Schematic of variants, B) The protein accession numbers for the variantsare as follows AKIP1a: NP_001193575.1, AKIP1b: NP 001193575.1, AKIP1c:NP_001193576.1, and AKIP1d: NP_001193577.1 (SEQ ID Nos. 60-63), alignedwith human and rat AKIP (SEQ ID Nos. 64-65), which sequences areincorporated by reference herein.

FIGS. 3A-D. AKIP1 binds to PKAc, AIF, HSP-70 and p{circumflex over ( )}%of NF-kB. GST pull downs of the various isoforms. Panel 2 shows bindingto PKAc. Panel 3 shows binding to AIF and HSP-70 and Panel 4 showsbinding to p65 of NF-κB.

FIGS. 4A-C. AKIP1 shows differential activation of PKAc and AKIP1c isconstitutively active.

FIG. 5 . Generation of HEK-293 and U87 MG glioblastoma derived cell lineCRISPR AKIP1 Knockout cell lines.

FIG. 6 . U87 MG was then used to generate CRISPR knockout and isoformspecific Knock-in lines.

FIGS. 7A-C. Xenograft models of the CRISPR based Knock out cell lines ofAKIP1. KO of AKIP1 causes tumor regression

FIGS. 8A-C. Xenograft models of the CRISPR based Knock out and isoformspecific cell lines of AKIP1. Reintroduction of the splice variantAKIP1a restores tumorgenesis. 2.7 denotes the KO while 906 denotesAKIP1a, 907 denotes AKIP1b, 908 denotes AKIP1d and 909 denotes AKIP1c.A) Xenograft sizes. B) Tumor volume over time. C) Schematic of isoforms.

FIG. 9 shows the general design of peptides. A cell penetrating peptidewas attached to the N-terminus of the ADPs for delivery and afluorescent tag was attached at the C-terminus. TPP: tumor penetratingpeptide (LinTT1) (Sharma et al., Nano. Lett., 17:1356 (2017)); CTP:cardiac penetrating peptide (Feinstein et al., Circ, 134:A18007 (2016)).SNAP tag was attached to C-terminus to visualize the peptides in cells.A TEV site was engineered between Adip and SNAP.

FIGS. 10A-C show the sequences mapped, peptide blots, imaging to showexpression and cell death assays for these three peptides. A) PPA-1(PEPTIDE23) (SEQ ID NO:23), B) PPA4 (PEPTIDE19) (SEQ ID NO:19), C) PPA10(PEPTIDE16 including FF at C-terminus) (SEQ ID NO:16).

FIGS. 11A-B show the sequences mapped, peptide blots, imaging to showexpression and cell death assays for these HSP-70 peptides. A) PHA4(PEPTIDE5) (SEQ ID NO:5), B) PHA5 (PEPTIDE13 plus C-terminal L) (SEQ IDSNO: 13).

FIGS. 12A-C show the sequences mapped, peptide blots, imaging to showexpression and cell death assays for these p65 (RELA) peptides. A) PRA1(PEPTIDE14) (SEQ ID NO:14), B) PRA8 (PEPTIDE8) (SEQ ID NO:8), C) PRA9(SEQ ID Nos:33 and 37-45).

FIGS. 13A-D show the sequences mapped, peptide blots, imaging to showexpression and cell death assays for these HSP-70 peptides. A) PAA1-1(PEPTIDE11) (SEQ ID NO:11), B) PPA1-3 (PEPTIDE15) (SEQ ID NO:15), C)PAR1 (PEPTIDE19), D) Paint 1 (PEPTIDE7) (SEQ ID NO:7).

FIG. 14 shows that knockout of AKIP1 reduces cell migration in aninvasion assay.

FIG. 15 shows that knockout of AKIP1 reduces tumor volume.

FIG. 16 shows that knockout of AKIP1 reduces tumor volume.

FIG. 17 shows that reintroduction of the splice variant AKIP1a restorestumorigenesis whereas the other isoforms do not.

FIG. 18 shows that reintroduction of the splice variant AKIP1a restorestumorigenesis whereas the other isoforms do not.

FIG. 19 shows the general design of with a cell penetrating peptide(TPP: tumor penetrating peptide (LinTT1) (Sharma et al., 2017); SNAP tagand FLAG tag attached to C-terminus to visualize the peptides in cells.A TEV site was engineered between the peptide sequence and SNAP tag.

FIGS. 20A-B shows blots for peptides related to PEPTIDE6 (A) (SEQ IDNos. 36-45) and PEPTIDE9 (B) (SEQ ID Nos. 46-57).

DETAILED DESCRIPTION Definitions

A “vector” refers to a macromolecule or association of macromoleculesthat comprises or associates with a polynucleotide, and which can beused to mediate delivery of the polynucleotide to a cell, either invitro or in vivo. Illustrative vectors include, for example, plasmids,viral vectors, liposomes and other gene delivery vehicles. Thepolynucleotide to be delivered, sometimes referred to as a “targetpolynucleotide” or “transgene,” may comprise a coding sequence ofinterest in gene therapy (such as a gene encoding a protein oftherapeutic interest), a coding sequence of interest in vaccinedevelopment (such as a polynucleotide expressing a protein, polypeptideor peptide suitable for eliciting an immune response in a mammal),and/or a selectable or detectable marker.

“Transduction,” “transfection,” “transformation” or “transducing” asused herein, are terms referring to a process for the introduction of anexogenous polynucleotide into a host cell leading to expression of thepolynucleotide, e.g., the transgene in the cell, and includes the use ofrecombinant virus to introduce the exogenous polynucleotide to the hostcell. Transduction, transfection or transformation of a polynucleotidein a cell may be determined by methods well known to the art including,but not limited to, protein expression (including steady state levels),e.g., by ELISA, flow cytometry and Western blot, measurement of DNA andRNA by hybridization assays, e.g., Northern blots, Southern blots andgel shift mobility assays. Methods used for the introduction of theexogenous polynucleotide include well-known techniques such as viralinfection or transfection, lipofection, transformation andelectroporation, as well as other non-viral gene delivery techniques.The introduced polynucleotide may be stably or transiently maintained inthe host cell.

“Gene delivery” refers to the introduction of an exogenouspolynucleotide into a cell for gene transfer, and may encompasstargeting, binding, uptake, transport, localization, repliconintegration and expression.

“Gene transfer” refers to the introduction of an exogenouspolynucleotide into a cell which may encompass targeting, binding,uptake, transport, localization and replicon integration, but isdistinct from and does not imply subsequent expression of the gene.

“Gene expression” or “expression” refers to the process of genetranscription, translation, and post-translational modification.

An “infectious” virus or viral particle is one that comprises apolynucleotide component which it is capable of delivering into a cellfor which the viral species is trophic. The term does not necessarilyimply any replication capacity of the virus.

The term “polynucleotide” refers to a polymeric form of nucleotides ofany length, including deoxyribonucleotides or ribonucleotides, oranalogs thereof. A polynucleotide may comprise modified nucleotides,such as methylated or capped nucleotides and nucleotide analogs, and maybe interrupted by non-nucleotide components. If present, modificationsto the nucleotide structure may be imparted before or after assembly ofthe polymer. The term polynucleotide, as used herein, refersinterchangeably to double- and single-stranded molecules. Unlessotherwise specified or required, any embodiment of the inventiondescribed herein that is a polynucleotide encompasses both thedouble-stranded form and each of two complementary single-stranded formsknown or predicted to make up the double-stranded form.

A “transcriptional regulatory sequence” refers to a genomic region thatcontrols the transcription of a gene or coding sequence to which it isoperably linked. Transcriptional regulatory sequences generally includeat least one transcriptional promoter and may also include one or moreenhancers and/or terminators of transcription.

“Operably linked” refers to an arrangement of two or more components,wherein the components so described are in a relationship permittingthem to function in a coordinated manner. By way of illustration, atranscriptional regulatory sequence or a promoter is operably linked toa coding sequence if the TRS or promoter promotes transcription of thecoding sequence. An operably linked TRS is generally joined in cis withthe coding sequence, but it is not necessarily directly adjacent to it.

“Heterologous” means derived from a genotypically distinct entity fromthe entity to which it is compared. For example, a polynucleotideintroduced by genetic engineering techniques into a different cell typeis a heterologous polynucleotide (and, when expressed, can encode aheterologous polypeptide). Similarly, a transcriptional regulatoryelement such as a promoter that is removed from its native codingsequence and operably linked to a different coding sequence is aheterologous transcriptional regulatory element.

A “terminator” refers to a polynucleotide sequence that tends todiminish or prevent read-through transcription (e.g., it diminishes orprevent transcription originating on one side of the terminator fromcontinuing through to the other side of the terminator). The degree towhich transcription is disrupted is typically a function of the basesequence and/or the length of the terminator sequence. In particular, asis well known in numerous molecular biological systems, particular DNAsequences, generally referred to as “transcriptional terminationsequences” are specific sequences that tend to disrupt read-throughtranscription by RNA polymerase, presumably by causing the RNApolymerase molecule to stop and/or disengage from the DNA beingtranscribed. Typical example of such sequence-specific terminatorsinclude polyadenylation (“polyA”) sequences, e.g., SV40 polyA. Inaddition to or in place of such sequence-specific terminators,insertions of relatively long DNA sequences between a promoter and acoding region also tend to disrupt transcription of the coding region,generally in proportion to the length of the intervening sequence. Thiseffect presumably arises because there is always some tendency for anRNA polymerase molecule to become disengaged from the DNA beingtranscribed, and increasing the length of the sequence to be traversedbefore reaching the coding region would generally increase thelikelihood that disengagement would occur before transcription of thecoding region was completed or possibly even initiated. Terminators maythus prevent transcription from only one direction (“uni-directional”terminators) or from both directions (“bi-directional” terminators), andmay be comprised of sequence-specific termination sequences orsequence-non-specific terminators or both. A variety of such terminatorsequences are known in the art; and illustrative uses of such sequenceswithin the context of the present invention are provided below.

“Host cells,” “cell lines,” “cell cultures,” “packaging cell line” andother such terms denote higher eukaryotic cells, such as mammalian cellsincluding human cells, useful in the present invention, e.g., to producerecombinant virus or recombinant fusion polypeptide. These cells includethe progeny of the original cell that was transduced. It is understoodthat the progeny of a single cell may not necessarily be completelyidentical (in morphology or in genomic complement) to the originalparent cell.

“Recombinant,” as applied to a polynucleotide means that thepolynucleotide is the product of various combinations of cloning,restriction and/or ligation steps, and other procedures that result in aconstruct that is distinct from a polynucleotide found in nature. Arecombinant virus is a viral particle comprising a recombinantpolynucleotide. The terms respectively include replicates of theoriginal polynucleotide construct and progeny of the original virusconstruct.

A “control element” or “control sequence” is a nucleotide sequenceinvolved in an interaction of molecules that contributes to thefunctional regulation of a polynucleotide, including replication,duplication, transcription, splicing, translation, or degradation of thepolynucleotide. The regulation may affect the frequency, speed, orspecificity of the process, and may be enhancing or inhibitory innature. Control elements known in the art include, for example,transcriptional regulatory sequences such as promoters and enhancers. Apromoter is a DNA region capable under certain conditions of binding RNApolymerase and initiating transcription of a coding region usuallylocated downstream (in the 3′ direction) from the promoter. Promotersinclude AAV promoters, e.g., P5, P19, P40 and AAV ITR promoters, as wellas heterologous promoters.

An “expression vector” is a vector comprising a region which encodes agene product of interest, and is used for effecting the expression ofthe gene product in an intended target cell. An expression vector alsocomprises control elements operatively linked to the encoding region tofacilitate expression of the protein in the target. The combination ofcontrol elements and a gene or genes to which they are operably linkedfor expression is sometimes referred to as an “expression cassette,” alarge number of which are known and available in the art or can bereadily constructed from components that are available in the art.

The terms “polypeptide” and “protein” are used interchangeably herein torefer to polymers of amino acids of any length. The terms also encompassan amino acid polymer that has been modified; for example, disulfidebond formation, glycosylation, acetylation, phosphonylation, lipidation,or conjugation with a labeling component.

An “isolated” polynucleotide, e.g., plasmid, virus, polypeptide or othersubstance refers to a preparation of the substance devoid of at leastsome of the other components that may also be present where thesubstance or a similar substance naturally occurs or is initiallyprepared from. Thus, for example, an isolated substance may be preparedby using a purification technique to enrich it from a source mixture.Isolated nucleic acid, peptide or polypeptide is present in a form orsetting that is different from that in which it is found in nature. Forexample, a given DNA sequence (e.g., a gene) is found on the host cellchromosome in proximity to neighboring genes; RNA sequences, such as aspecific mRNA sequence encoding a specific protein, are found in thecell as a mixture with numerous other mRNAs that encode a multitude ofproteins. The isolated nucleic acid molecule may be present insingle-stranded or double-stranded form. When an isolated nucleic acidmolecule is to be utilized to express a protein, the molecule willcontain at a minimum the sense or coding strand (e.g., the molecule maysingle-stranded), but may contain both the sense and anti-sense strands(e.g., the molecule may be double-stranded). Enrichment can be measuredon an absolute basis, such as weight per volume of solution, or it canbe measured in relation to a second, potentially interfering substancepresent in the source mixture. Thus, for example, a 2-fold enrichment,10-fold enrichment, 100-fold enrichment, or a 1000-fold enrichment isenvisioned.

The term “exogenous,” when used in relation to a protein, gene, nucleicacid, or polynucleotide in a cell or organism refers to a protein, gene,nucleic acid, or polynucleotide which has been introduced into the cellor organism by artificial or natural means. An exogenous nucleic acidmay be from a different organism or cell, or it may be one or moreadditional copies of a nucleic acid which occurs naturally within theorganism or cell. By way of a non-limiting example, an exogenous nucleicacid is in a chromosomal location different from that of natural cellsor is otherwise flanked by a different nucleic acid sequence than thatfound in nature, e.g., an expression cassette which links a promoterfrom one gene to an open reading frame for a gene product from adifferent gene.

“Transformed” or “transgenic” is used herein to include any host cell orcell line, which has been altered or augmented by the presence of atleast one recombinant DNA sequence. The host cells of the presentinvention are typically produced by transfection with a DNA sequence ina plasmid expression vector, as an isolated linear DNA sequence, orinfection with a recombinant viral vector.

The term “sequence homology” means the proportion of base matchesbetween two nucleic acid sequences or the proportion amino acid matchesbetween two amino acid sequences. When sequence homology is expressed asa percentage, e.g., 50%, the percentage denotes the proportion ofmatches over the length of a selected sequence that is compared to someother sequence. Gaps (in either of the two sequences) are permitted tomaximize matching; gap lengths of 15 bases or less are usually used, 6bases or less or 2 bases or less. When using oligonucleotides as probesor treatments, the sequence homology between the target nucleic acid andthe oligonucleotide sequence is generally not less than 17 target basematches out of 20 possible oligonucleotide base pair matches (85%); notless than 9 matches out of 10 possible base pair matches (90%), or notless than 19 matches out of 20 possible base pair matches (95%).

Two amino acid sequences are homologous if there is a partial orcomplete identity between their sequences. For example, 85% homologymeans that 85% of the amino acids are identical when the two sequencesare aligned for maximum matching. Gaps (in either of the two sequencesbeing matched) are allowed in maximizing matching; gap lengths of 5 orless or 2 or less. Alternatively, two protein sequences (or polypeptidesequences derived from them of at least 30 amino acids in length) arehomologous, as this term is used herein, if they have an alignment scoreof at more than 5 (in standard deviation units) using the program ALIGNwith the mutation data matrix and a gap penalty of 6 or greater. The twosequences or parts thereof are more homologous if their amino acids aregreater than or equal to 50% identical when optimally aligned using theALIGN program.

The term “corresponds to” is used herein to mean that a polynucleotidesequence is structurally related to all or a portion of a referencepolynucleotide sequence, or that a polypeptide sequence is structurallyrelated to all or a portion of a reference polypeptide sequence, e.g.,they have at least 80%, 85%, 90%, 95% or more, e.g., 99% or 100%,sequence identity. In contradistinction, the term “complementary to” isused herein to mean that the complementary sequence is homologous to allor a portion of a reference polynucleotide sequence. For illustration,the nucleotide sequence “TATAC” corresponds to a reference sequence“TATAC” and is complementary to a reference sequence “GTATA”.

The term “sequence identity” means that two polynucleotide sequences areidentical (e.g., on a nucleotide-by-nucleotide basis) over the window ofcomparison. The term “percentage of sequence identity” means that twopolynucleotide sequences are identical (i.e., on anucleotide-by-nucleotide basis) over the window of comparison. The term“percentage of sequence identity” is calculated by comparing twooptimally aligned sequences over the window of comparison, determiningthe number of positions at which the identical nucleic acid base (e.g.,A, T, C, G, U, or I) occurs in both sequences to yield the number ofmatched positions, dividing the number of matched positions by the totalnumber of positions in the window of comparison (i.e., the window size),and multiplying the result by 100 to yield the percentage of sequenceidentity. The terms “substantial identity” as used herein denote acharacteristic of a polynucleotide sequence, wherein the polynucleotidecomprises a sequence that has at least 85 percent sequence identity, atleast 90 to 95 percent sequence identity, or at least 99 percentsequence identity as compared to a reference sequence over a comparisonwindow of at least 20 nucleotide positions, frequently over a window ofat least 20-50 nucleotides, wherein the percentage of sequence identityis calculated by comparing the reference sequence to the polynucleotidesequence which may include deletions or additions which total 20 percentor less of the reference sequence over the window of comparison.

As used herein, “substantially pure” or “purified” means an objectspecies is the predominant species present (e.g., on a molar basis it ismore abundant than any other individual species in the composition), forinstance, a substantially purified fraction is a composition wherein theobject species comprises at least about 50 percent (on a molar basis) ofall macromolecular species present. Generally, a substantially purecomposition will comprise more than about 80 percent of allmacromolecular species present in the composition, or more than about85%, about 90%, about 95%, and about 99%. The object species may bepurified to essential homogeneity (contaminant species cannot bedetected in the composition by conventional detection methods) whereinthe composition consists essentially of a single macromolecular species.

“Lymphangiogenesis” means the process of formation of lymphatic vesselsfrom pre-existing lymphatic vessels and “angiogenesis” means the processof formation of blood vessels from pre-existing blood vessels. As usedherein, “angiogenic” includes angiogenic and lymphangiogenic. Forexample, a composition is angiogenic if it causes the formation of newblood vessels and anti-angiogenic if it reduces the formation of newblood vessels.

As used herein, “apoptosis”—programmed cell death—means the geneticallydirected process of cell self-destruction that is marked by thefragmentation of nuclear DNA, is activated either by the presence of astimulus or removal of a suppressing agent or stimulus, is a normalphysiological process eliminating DNA-damaged, superfluous, or unwantedcells, and when halted (as by genetic mutation) may result inuncontrolled cell growth and tumor formation. Therefore, a compositionis pro-apoptotic if it increases cell death and anti-apoptotic if itincreases cell survival (reduces cell death).

As used herein, “subject” means an individual to whom compositions ofthe invention are administered. In some embodiments, the subject is ahuman. In other embodiments, the subject is a non-human mammal, e.g., ahorse, cow, sheep, pig, deer, dog, cat, rat, or a mouse.

Exemplary Peptides Useful for Angiogenic Therapies

AKIP1 is expressed in numerous cancer cell types including lung (A541),breast (MD-MBA231), eye (OMM1-3) and brain (U87-MG) cancer cell lines.AKIP1 expression is minimal in normal brain but highly expressed inGlioblastoma Multiforme (GBM) cell lines. By evaluating AKIP1 knockoutcell lines, it was found that AKIP1 is essential for tumor progression(see examples below) and that the specific isoforms (splice variants) ofAKIP1 show differential binding to key interacting proteins such asPKAc, AIF, HSP-70 and p65 subunit of NF-kappaB. Furthermore, AKIP1a,which has both third and fifth exons intact, is the only isoform thatcauses tumorigenesis (as opposed to AKIP1b, AKIP1c, and AKIP1d).Consequently, peptides corresponding to regions of AKIP1 and to regionsof interacting proteins, PKAc, AIF, HSP-70 and p65 subunit of NF-kappaB,that disrupt these interactions are useful in the treatment of subjectswith or at risk of angiogenic disorders.

Provided herein are compositions including peptides and nucleic acidsencoding the peptides referred herein as AKIP1 Disrupting Peptides(ADPs). Exemplary peptides are shown in Table 1.

TABLE 1 Peptide SEQ Name Protein ID No. Amino Acid Sequence LengthPEPTIDE1 AKIP1 1 REERPPTLSASFRTMAEFMDYTSSQ 27 CG (SEQ ID NO: 1) PEPTIDE2AKIP1 2 RKDRKKTSLGPGGSYQISEHAPEAS 27 QP (SEQ ID NO: 2) PEPTIDE3 AKIP1 3RRAVDWHALERPKGCMGVLAREAP 41 HLEKQPAAGPQRVLPGE (SEQ ID NO: 3) PEPTIDE4AKIP1 4 VTVGSNDLTKKTHVVAVDSGQSVDL 29 VFPV (SEQ ID NO: 4) PEPTIDE5 AKIP15 DIGNGQRKDRKKTSLGPGGSYQISE 27 HA (SEQ ID NO: 5) PEPTIDE6 p65 6NSTDPAVFTDLASVDNSEFQQLLNQ 49 GIPVAPHTTEPMLMEYPEAITRLV (SEQ ID NO: 6)PEPTIDE7 AKIP1 7 GGSYQISEHAPEASQPAENISKDLYIE 34 VYPGTYS (SEQ ID NO: 7)PEPTIDE8 p65 8 VKKRDLEQAISQRIQTNNNPFQVPIE 38 EQRGDYDLNAVR (SEQ ID NO: 8)PEPTIDE9 AKIP1 9 KYYSSVPEEGGATHVYRYHRGESKL 27 HM (SEQ ID NO: 9)PEPTIDE10 PKAc 10 SHFSEHTALWDRSMKEFLAKAKEDF 28 beta1 LKK (SEQIDNO: 10)PEPTIDE11 AKIP1 11 LNGVDRRSLQRSARLALEVLERAK 24 (SEQ ID NO: 11) PEPTIDE12AKIP1 12 DNCLAAAALNGVDRRSLQRSARLAL 33 EVLERAKR (SEQ ID NO: 12) PEPTIDE13HSP- 13 IMQDKLEKERNDAKNAVEEYVYEMR 56 70 DKLSGEYEKFVSEDDRNSFTLKLEDTENWLY(SEQ ID NO: 13) PEPTIDE14 p65 14 PLIFPAEPAQASGPYVEIIEQPKQ 24(SEQ ID NO: 14) PEPTIDE15 HSP- 15 KSQVISNAKNTVQGFKRFHGRAFSD 86 70PFVEAEKSNLAYDIVQWPTGLTGIKV TYMEEERNFTTEQVTAMLLSKLKETAESVLKKPVV (SEQ ID NO: 15) PEPTIDE16 PKAc 16 TWTLCGTPEYLAPEIILSKGYNKAVD43 alpha WWALGVLIYEMAAGYPP (SEQ ID NO: 16) PEPTIDE17 PKAc 17DWWALGVLIYEMAAGYPP (SEQ ID 18 alpha NO: 17) PEPTIDE18 p65 18VKKRDLEQAISQRIQTNNN (SEQ ID 19 NO: 18)

The disclosed peptides, in some cases, correlate with specific domainsof AKIP1 or one of the interacting proteins.

TABLE 2 Peptide Protein Domain Domain Region PEPTIDE1 AKIP1 — — PEPTIDE2AKIP1 — — PEPTIDE3 AKIP1 — — PEPTIDE4 AKIP1 COG1470 super family168-207  PEPTIDE5 AKIP1 — — PEPTIDE6 p65 Transcriptional 415-476 activation domain 1 PEPTIDE7 AKIP1 COG1470 super family 168-207 PEPTIDE8 p65 Rel Homology Domain 21-186 PEPTIDE9 AKIP1 — — PEPTIDE10PKAc beta1 — — PEPTIDE11 AKIP1 — — PEPTIDE12 AKIP1 — — PEPTIDE13 HSP-70— — PEPTIDE14 p65 Rel Homology Domain 21-186 PEPTIDE15 HSP-70 NucleotideBinding Domain  2-384 PEPTIDE16 PKAc alpha Protein Kinase Domain 44-298PEPTIDE17 PKAc alpha Protein Kinase Domain 44-298 PEPTIDE18 p65 RelHomology Domain 21-186

Provided herein are pharmaceutical compositions that include aneffective amount of an AKIP1-disrupting peptide, the peptide comprisingat least 85% amino acid sequence identity to one of the amino acidsequences selected from the group consisting of PEPTIDE1, PEPTIDE2,PEPTIDE3, PEPTIDE4, PEPTIDE5, PEPTIDE7, PEPTIDE8, PEPTIDE9, PEPTIDE10,PEPTIDE11, PEPTIDE13, PEPTIDE14, PEPTIDE15, PEPTIDE16, PEPTIDE17 andPEPTIDE18, wherein the peptide induces apoptosis or cell death.

Provided herein are pharmaceutical compositions that include aneffective amount of an AKIP1-disrupting peptide, the peptide comprisingat least 85% amino acid sequence identity to one of the amino acidsequences selected from the group consisting of PEPTIDE4, PEPTIDE6,PEPTIDE8, PEPTIDE10, PEPTIDE11, PEPTIDE12 and PEPTIDE16, wherein thepeptide induces (enhances) cell survival.

In certain embodiments, the peptide has substantial identity, e.g., atleast 85%, at least 90%, at least 92%, at least 94%, at least 95%, atleast 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or at least 99% sequence identityto a peptide listed in Table 1.

Conservative amino acid substitutions relative to the sequences in Table1 may be employed—that is, for example, aspartic-glutamic as acidicamino acids; lysine/arginine/histidine as polar basic amino acids;leucine/isoleucine/methionine/valine/alanine/proline/glycine non-polaror hydrophobic amino acids; serine/threonine as polar or hydrophilicamino acids. Conservative amino acid substitution also includesgroupings based on side chains. For example, a group of amino acidshaving aliphatic side chains is glycine, alanine, valine, leucine, andisoleucine; a group of amino acids having aliphatic-hydroxyl side chainsis serine and threonine; a group of amino acids having amide-containingside chains is asparagine and glutamine; a group of amino acids havingaromatic side chains is phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan; a groupof amino acids having basic side chains is lysine, arginine, andhistidine; and a group of amino acids having sulfur-containing sidechains is cysteine and methionine. For example, it is reasonable toexpect that replacement of a leucine with an isoleucine or valine, anaspartate with a glutamate, a threonine with a serine, or a similarreplacement of an amino acid with a structurally related amino acid willnot have a major effect on the properties of the resulting peptide,polypeptide or fusion polypeptide. Whether an amino acid change resultsin a functional peptide, polypeptide or fusion polypeptide can readilybe determined by assaying the specific activity of the peptide,polypeptide or fusion polypeptide.

Amino acid substitutions falling within the scope of the invention, are,in general, accomplished by selecting substitutions that do not differsignificantly in their effect on maintaining (a) the structure of thepeptide backbone in the area of the substitution, (b) the charge orhydrophobicity of the molecule at the target site, or (c) the bulk ofthe side chain. Naturally occurring residues are divided into groupsbased on common side-chain properties:

Alternative embodiments also include a peptide, polypeptide or fusionpolypeptide with non-conservative substitutions. Non-conservativesubstitutions entail exchanging a member of one of the classes describedabove for another.

The peptides can include additional peptide sequence as fusions. Thepeptide or fusion proteins of the invention can be synthesized in vitro,e.g., by the solid phase peptide synthetic method, or by recombinant DNAapproaches, both methods known in the art. The peptides or fusionproteins can be purified by fractionation on immunoaffinity orion-exchange columns; ethanol precipitation; reverse phase HPLC;chromatography on silica or on an anion-exchange resin such as DEAE;chromatofocusing; SDS-PAGE; ammonium sulfate precipitation; gelfiltration using, for example, Sephadex G-75; or ligand affinitychromatography.

The disclosed peptides may include a fusion with a tissue-penetratingpeptide (TPP) or cell-penetrating peptide (CPP) sequence, including, butnot limited to, Protein Transduction Domains (PTDs), elastin likepolypeptide for delivery to CNS, CPP-Adaptor Systems includingnon-covalent and reversible conjugations to calmodulin, and activatablecell penetrating nanocarriers sensitive to metalloproteinases. Otherexamples include, but are not limited to, those in the table below.

TABLE 3 Type Name Amphipathic Transportan Pep-1 MPG [FΦR4-A5]RhoMAP(Aib) pVEC Cationic Tat(48-60) Penetratin Oligo-D-arginine Cyc-r7[D]-K6L9 cyclic [W(RW)4] NrTP5 hPP3 Hydrophobic C105Y PFV Anionic PepNegp28

In certain embodiments, the peptide fusion is with a linear tumor orcardiac penetrating peptide sequence (TPP/CTP) for delivery to cancer orheart cells. The TPP sequence—MAKRGARSTA—(SEQ ID No:58) has an embeddedCendR motif (R/K/XXR/K) to induce both cellular uptake and tissuepenetration.

Cardiovascular delivery vehicles for the peptides, polypeptides and/orfusion polypeptides include but are not limited to hydrogels, peptidenanofibers, and cardiac targeting peptides.

Tissue targeting peptides may include CPP-Ts such as from scorpion venomCPPs for brain drug delivery including but not limited to those in Table4:

TABLE 4 Proposed transport(s) Peptide BBB nAChRs RVG29 CDX CDX LRP/LDLRAngiopep-2 ApoB (3371-3409) ApoE (159-167)2 Peptide-22 TfR TfR B6 T7 THRLeptin receptor Leptin 30 KCa channel Apamin ApOO MiniAp-4 GSHtransporter GSH GM1 G23 Opioid receptor g7 Unknown receptor Tat(47-57)SynB1 Passive transport Diketopiperazines Phenylproline oligomers Activetransport PepH3 Passive & active transport PepNeg

In some embodiments, the disclosed peptides are included in anon-antibody scaffold. A non-antibody scaffold includes, but is notlimited to, adnectins, affibodies, affilins, anticalins, atrimers,avimers bicyclic peptides, Centyrin, Cys-knots, DARPins, fynomers,Kunitz domain, O-bodies, pronectins, and Tn3. A table of representativeuses for specific scaffolds is provided below.

TABLE 5 Scaffold Target protein Indications Adnectins PCSK9Hypercholesterolemia VEGFR2 Cancer Myostatin Cachexia EGFR/IGF-1R CancerAffibodies HER2 Cancer (PET imaging) Complement protein C5 InflammationIL-17 Autoimmunity TNF/IL-6 (AffiMab) Inflammation EGFR, IGF-1R, PDGFRβ,Cancer HER3, VEGFR2 Affilins Fibronectin EDB splice Cancer variantCTLA-4 Cancer VEGF-A Cancer Anticalins Hepcidin Anemia IL-4Rα AsthmaHGFR Cancer CD137/HER2 Cancer IL-23/IL-17 Autoimmunity Atrimers IL-23Inflammation DR4 Cancer Avimers IL-6 Crohn's disease Bicyclic KallikreinuPA HER2 Hereditary angioedema peptides Cancer Centyrin HGFR CancerIL-17 Autoimmunity TNF-α Inflammation Cys-knots NaV1.7 Pain DARPinsVEGF-A Macular degeneration Macular edema VEGF-A/PDGF-B Maculardegeneration VEGF/HGF Cancer HER2 Cancer Fynomers TNF/IL-17A (FynomAb)Plaque psoriasis HER2 (FynomAb) Cancer Kunitz domains KallikreinHereditary angioedema Neutrophil elastase Acute respiratory distresssyndrome Plasmin Cancer Pronectins VEGFR2, AXL tyrosine kinase, Cancer,Autoimmunity TNF-α, FZD receptors Tn3 CD40L Autoimmunity TRAILR2

Chemically modified derivatives of a given peptide or fusion thereof canbe readily prepared by methods known in the art. For example, amides ofthe peptide or fusion thereof can be prepared by techniques forconverting a carboxylic acid group or precursor, to an amide. Forexample, the peptide or fusion can be cleaved from a solid support withan appropriate amine, or in the presence of an alcohol, yielding anester, followed by aminolysis with the desired amine.

Salts of carboxyl groups of a peptide or fusion thereof may be preparedin the usual manner by contacting the peptide, polypeptide, or fusionthereof with one or more equivalents of a desired base such as, forexample, a metallic hydroxide base, e.g., sodium hydroxide; a metalcarbonate or bicarbonate base such as, for example, sodium carbonate orsodium bicarbonate; or an amine base such as, for example,triethylamine, triethanola mine, and the like.

In some embodiments, the peptide can include N- or C-terminalmodifications. N-acyl derivatives of an amino group of the peptide orfusion thereof may be prepared by utilizing an N-acyl protected aminoacid for the final condensation, or by acylating a protected orunprotected peptide, polypeptide, or fusion thereof. O-acyl derivativesmay be prepared, for example, by acylation of a free hydroxy polypeptideor polypeptide resin. Either acylation may be carried out using standardacylating reagents such as acyl halides, anhydrides, acyl imidazoles,and the like. Both N- and O-acylation may be carried out together, ifdesired.

Formyl-methionine, pyroglutamine and trimethyl-alanine may besubstituted at the N-terminal residue of the polypeptide. Otheramino-terminal modifications include aminooxypentane modifications.Other N-terminal modifications include, but are not limited to,methylation, acetylation, biotinylation, dansylation, 2,4-dinitrophenyl, formylation, propionylation, pyroglutamate,myristoylation, palmitoylation, mono-methylation, 7-methoxycoumarinacetic acid (Mca), fluorophores and fluorescent dyes.

Amino acid substitutions may include D amino acids, as well as otheranalogs, e.g., unnatural amino acids such as alpha,alpha-disubstitutedamino acids, N-alkyl amino acids, lactic acid, and the like. Theseanalogs include, but are not limited to, phosphoserine,phosphothreonine, phosphotyrosine, hydroxyproline,gamma-carboxyglutamate; hippuric acid, octahydroindole-2-carboxylicacid, statine, 1,2,3,4,-tetrahydroisoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid,penicillamine, ornithine, citruline, alpha-methyl-alanine,para-benzoyl-phenylalanine, phenylglycine, propargylglycine, sarcosine,epsilon-N,N,N-trimethyllysine, epsilon-N-acetyllysine, N-acetylserine,N-formylmethionine, 3-methylhistidine, 5-hydroxylysine,omega-N-methylarginine, and other similar amino acids and imino acidsand tert-butylglycine. Internal amino acid sequence modificationsinclude, but are not limited to, cyclization (disulfide bonds), cysteinecarbamidomethylation (CAM), and phosphorylation.

C-terminal modification include, but are not limited to, C-terminalglycosyl phosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor, methylation,alpha-amidation, fluorophores and fluorescent dyes.

In some embodiments, the peptide can be a peptidomimetic.Peptidomimetics refer to a synthetic chemical compound which hassubstantially the same structural and/or functional characteristics ofthe peptides of the invention. The mimetic can be entirely composed ofsynthetic, non-natural amino acid analogues, or can be a chimericmolecule including one or more natural peptide amino acids and one ormore non-natural amino acid analogs. The mimetic can also incorporateany number of natural amino acid conservative substitutions as long assuch substitutions do not destroy the activity of the mimetic. Routinetesting can be used to determine whether a mimetic has the requisiteactivity, e.g., that it induces apoptosis or cell death.

The peptide can be linear, cyclic or branched. Cyclic peptides can besynthesized by methods known in the art such as disclosed in U.S. Pat.No. 9,035,022. Branched peptides can be synthesized by methods known inthe art such as disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 8,440,794.

In some embodiments, the composition can be formulated as a pro-drug. Asused herein, the term “pro-drug” refers to a pharmacological substance(drug) that is administered in an inactive (or significantly lessactive) form. Once administered, the pro-drug is metabolized in vivointo an active metabolite. The rationale behind the use of a pro-drug isgenerally for absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME)optimization. Pro-drugs are usually designed to improve oralbioavailability, with poor absorption from the gastrointestinal tractusually being the limiting factor. Additionally, the use of a pro-drugstrategy increases the selectivity of the drug for its intended target.The peptide can be formulated as a pro-drug by, for example,esterification or perbutyrylation.

In some embodiments, the peptide is conjugated to one or more otherpeptides or polypeptides, including, but not limited to, bovine serumalbumin, ovalbumin, or keyhole limpet hemocyanin.

In some embodiments, the peptide is conjugated to polyethylene glycol(PEGylated). Methods for pegylating peptides are known in the art. See,for example, U.S. Patent Publication No. 20170232111.

In some embodiments, the peptide includes a bridging peptide inassociation with another peptide or protein. Bridging peptides can besynthesized by methods known in the art such as disclosed in U.S. PatentPublication No. 20110092677.

Acid addition salts of the peptide, polypeptide or fusion polypeptide orof amino residues of the peptide, polypeptide or fusion polypeptide maybe prepared by contacting the polypeptide or amine with one or moreequivalents of the desired inorganic or organic acid, such as, forexample, hydrochloric acid. Esters of carboxyl groups of thepolypeptides may also be prepared by any of the usual methods known inthe art.

Provided herein are pharmaceutical compositions that include aneffective amount of an isolated nucleic acid comprising a nucleotidesequence encoding an AKIP1-disrupting peptide comprising at least 85%amino acid sequence identity to one of the amino acid sequences selectedfrom the group consisting of PEPTIDE1, PEPTIDE2, PEPTIDE3, PEPTIDE4,PEPTIDE5, PEPTIDE7, PEPTIDE8, PEPTIDE9, PEPTIDE10, PEPTIDE11, PEPTIDE13,PEPTIDE14, PEPTIDE15, PEPTIDE16, PEPTIDE17 and PEPTIDE18, wherein thepeptide induces apoptosis or cell death, or alters angiogenesis.

Provided herein are pharmaceutical compositions that include aneffective amount of an isolated nucleic acid comprising a nucleotidesequence encoding an AKIP1-disrupting peptide, the peptide comprising atleast 85% amino acid sequence identity to one of the amino acidsequences selected from the group consisting of PEPTIDE4, PEPTIDE6,PEPTIDE8, PEPTIDE10, PEPTIDE11, PEPTIDE12 and PEPTIDE16, wherein thepeptide induces (enhances) cell survival.

The nucleic acids encoding an AKIP1-disrupting peptide disclosed hereincan be incorporated into delivery vectors for administration to asubject. Delivery vectors include, for example, viral vectors, liposomesand other lipid-containing complexes, and other macromolecular complexescapable of mediating delivery of a gene to a host cell. Vectors can alsocomprise other components or functionalities that further modulate genedelivery and/or gene expression, or that otherwise provide beneficialproperties. Such other components include, for example, components thatinfluence binding or targeting to cells (including components thatmediate cell-type or tissue-specific binding); components that influenceuptake of the vector by the cell; components that influence localizationof the transferred gene within the cell after uptake (such as agentsmediating nuclear localization); and components that influenceexpression of the gene. Such components also might include markers, suchas detectable and/or selectable markers that can be used to detect orselect for cells that have taken up and are expressing the nucleic aciddelivered by the vector. Such components can be provided as a naturalfeature of the vector (such as the use of certain viral vectors whichhave components or functionalities mediating binding and uptake), orvectors can be modified to provide such functionalities. Selectablemarkers can be positive, negative or bifunctional. Positive selectablemarkers allow selection for cells carrying the marker, whereas negativeselectable markers allow cells carrying the marker to be selectivelyeliminated. A variety of such marker genes have been described,including bifunctional (e.g., positive/negative) markers (see, e.g., WO92/08796; and WO 94/28143). Such marker genes can provide an addedmeasure of control that can be advantageous in gene therapy contexts.

A large variety of such vectors are known in the art and are generallyavailable. Vectors within the scope of the invention include, but arenot limited to, isolated nucleic acid, e.g., plasmid-based vectors whichmay be extrachromosomally maintained, and viral vectors, e.g.,recombinant adenovirus, retrovirus, lentivirus, herpesvirus, poxvirus,papilloma virus, or adeno-associated virus, including viral andnon-viral vectors which are present in liposomes, e.g., neutral orcationic liposomes, such as DOSPA/DOPE, DOGS/DOPE or DMRIE/DOPEliposomes, and/or associated with other molecules such as DNA-anti-DNAantibody-cationic lipid (DOTMA/DOPE) complexes. Exemplary gene viralvectors are described below. Vectors may be administered via any routeincluding, but not limited to, intramuscular, buccal, rectal,intravenous or intracoronary administration, and transfer to cells maybe enhanced using electroporation and/or iontophoresis.

Any of the above compositions (peptide or nucleic acid) can furtherinclude a carrier system for cargo delivery. These include, but are notlimited to, polymer matrices, polymeric nanoparticles, nanoworms,hydrogels, liposomes, phosphorodiamidate morpholino oligomers (PMOs) andpeptide nucleic acids (PNAs).

Exemplary Methods

Provided herein are methods for the treatment or prevention ofangiogenic conditions or angiogenic disorders, or inhibition of one ormore symptoms thereof, by administering the compositions disclosed aboveto a subject that has or is at risk of having an angiogenic condition orangiogenic disorder.

In some embodiments, a method for the treatment of angiogenic conditionsor angiogenic disorders is provided that includes administering atherapeutically effective amount of the disclosed compositions herein toa subject in need or at risk thereof, in such amounts and for such timeas is necessary to achieve the desired result. In certain embodiments ofthe present invention a “therapeutically effective amount” of aninventive targeted particle is that amount effective for treating,alleviating, ameliorating, relieving, delaying onset of, inhibitingprogression of, reducing severity of, and/or reducing incidence of oneor more symptoms or features of an angiogenic conditions or angiogenicdisorders.

In some embodiments, a method for administering disclosed compositionsto a subject suffering from angiogenic conditions or angiogenicdisorders or relapse is provided. In some embodiments, disclosedcompositions are administered to a subject in such amounts and for suchtime as is necessary to achieve the desired result. In certainembodiments, a “therapeutically effective amount” of the disclosedcompositions is that amount effective for treating, alleviating,ameliorating, relieving, delaying onset of, inhibiting progression of,reducing severity of, and/or reducing incidence of one or more symptomsor features of an angiogenic condition or angiogenic disorder. In someembodiments, the disclosed compositions are administered to a subjectpreviously treated for an angiogenic condition or angiogenic disorder.In some embodiments, the disclosed compositions are administered to asubject with a family history of an angiogenic condition or angiogenicdisorder. In some embodiments, the disclosed compositions areadministered to a subject with a predisposition for an angiogeniccondition or angiogenic disorder. For example, a subject who isBRCA-positive is genetically predisposed to certain forms of breastcancer.

A therapeutically effective amount of the disclosed compositions can beadministered to a healthy individual (e.g., a subject who does notdisplay any symptoms of cancer and/or who has not been diagnosed withcancer). For example, healthy individuals may be “immunized” with thedisclosed compositions prior to development of an angiogenic conditionor angiogenic disorder and/or onset of symptoms of an angiogeniccondition or angiogenic disorder; at risk individuals (e.g., patientswho have a family history of an angiogenic condition or angiogenicdisorder; patients carrying one or more genetic mutations associatedwith development of an angiogenic condition or angiogenic disorder;patients having a genetic polymorphism associated with development of anangiogenic condition or angiogenic disorder; patients infected by avirus associated with development of an angiogenic condition orangiogenic disorder; patients with habits and/or lifestyles associatedwith development of an angiogenic condition or angiogenic disorder;etc.) can be treated substantially contemporaneously with (e.g., within48 hours, within 24 hours, or within 12 hours of) the onset of symptomsof an angiogenic condition or angiogenic disorder.

Provided herein are methods for the treatment or prevention of anangiogenic disorder in a subject by administering any of thecompositions disclosed herein.

In some embodiments, the angiogenic condition can be treated with ananti-angiogenic composition of the invention. In some embodiments,provided herein are methods to prevent, inhibit or treat an angiogenicdisorder by administering to a subject an effective amount of anAKIP1-disrupting peptide, the peptide comprising at least 85% amino acidsequence identity to one of the amino acid sequences selected from thegroup consisting of PEPTIDE1, PEPTIDE2, PEPTIDE3, PEPTIDE4, PEPTIDE5,PEPTIDE7, PEPTIDE8, PEPTIDE9, PEPTIDE10, PEPTIDE11, PEPTIDE13,PEPTIDE14, PEPTIDE15, PEPTIDE16, PEPTIDE17 and PEPTIDE18, wherein thepeptide induces apoptosis or cell death, or alters angiogenesis.

In some embodiments, provided herein are methods to prevent, inhibit ortreat an angiogenic disorder by administering to a subject an effectiveamount of a nucleic acid comprising a nucleotide sequence encoding anAKIP1-disrupting peptide, the peptide comprising at least 85% amino acidsequence identity to one of the amino acid sequences selected from thegroup consisting of PEPTIDE1, PEPTIDE2, PEPTIDE3, PEPTIDE4, PEPTIDE5,PEPTIDE7, PEPTIDE8, PEPTIDE9, PEPTIDE10, PEPTIDE11, PEPTIDE13,PEPTIDE14, PEPTIDE15, PEPTIDE16, PEPTIDE17 and PEPTIDE18, wherein thepeptide induces apoptosis or cell death, or alters angiogenesis.

In some embodiments, the angiogenic condition that can be treated withan anti-angiogenic composition is cancer. Exemplary cancers to which thecompositions and methods of the invention apply include a solid tumorincluding, but not limited to, brain, ovary, breast, lung, thyroid,lymph node, kidney, ureter, bladder, teste, prostate, skin, bone,skeletal muscle, bone marrow, stomach, esophagus, small bowel, colon,rectum, pancreas, liver, smooth muscle, spinal cord, nerves, ear, eye,nasopharynx, oropharynx, salivary gland, blood vessels, or the heart,and including leukemia. Examples of brain cancers include, but are notlimited to, neuroma, anaplastic astrocytoma, neuroblastoma, glioma,glioblastoma multiforme, astrocytoma, meningioma, pituitary adenoma,primary CNS lymphoma, medulloblastoma, ependymoma, sarcoma,oligodendroglioma, medulloblastoma, spinal cord tumor, and schwannoma.Ovarian cancers include, but are not limited to, ovarian epithelialcarcinoma and germ cell tumors. Breast cancers include, but are notlimited to, ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), infiltrating (or invasive)ductal carcinoma (IDC), or infiltrating (or invasive) lobular carcinoma(ILC). Lung cancers include, but are not limited to, small cell andnon-small cell primary lung cancer as well as cancers that metastasizeto the lungs or the lung lymphatics. Thyroid cancers include, but arenot limited to, papillary and/or mixed papillary/follicular, follicularand/or Hurthle cell, medullary and anaplastic. Kidney cancers include,but are not limited to, renal cell carcinoma, transitional cellcarcinoma, Wilms tumor, and renal sarcoma. Types of bladder cancersinclude squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma. Skin cancersinclude, but are not limited to, squamous cell carcinoma, Kaposi'ssarcoma, malignant melanoma, Merkel cell skin cancer, and non-melanomaskin cancer. Bone cancers include, but are not limited to, osteosarcoma,chondrosarcoma, and the Ewing Sarcoma Family of Tumors (ESFTs).Pancreatic cancers include, but are not limited to, exocrine pancreaticcancers and endocrine pancreatic cancers. Exocrine pancreatic cancersinclude, but are not limited to, adenocarcinomas, acinar cellcarcinomas, adenosquamous carcinomas, colloid carcinomas,undifferentiated carcinomas with osteoclast-like giant cells, hepatoidcarcinomas, intraductal papillary-mucinous neoplasms, mucinous cysticneoplasms, pancreatoblastomas, serous cystadenomas, signet ring cellcarcinomas, solid and pseuodpapillary tumors, pancreatic ductalcarcinomas, and undifferentiated carcinomas. Endocrine pancreaticcancers include, but are not limited to, insulinomas and glucagonomas.Liver cancers include, but are not limited to, hepatocellular carcinoma(liver cell carcinomas with or without fibrolamellar variant),cholangiocarcinoma (intrahepatic bile duct carcinoma), and mixedhepatocellular cholangiocarcinoma. Eye cancers include, but are notlimited to, intraocular melanoma and retinoblastoma. Blood vesselcancers include hemangiomas. Other cancers include von Hippel-Lindaudisease, Castleman's disease, lymphadenopathy, X-linkedlymphoproliferative disorder, and Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma.

In other embodiments, the disclosed compositions can be used to inhibitthe growth of cancer cells, e.g., glioblastoma cells. As used herein,the term “inhibits growth of cancer cells” or “inhibiting growth ofcancer cells” refers to any slowing of the rate of cancer cellproliferation and/or migration, arrest of cancer cell proliferationand/or migration, or killing of cancer cells, such that the rate ofcancer cell growth is reduced in comparison with the observed orpredicted rate of growth of an untreated control cancer cell. The term“inhibits growth” can also refer to a reduction in size or disappearanceof a cancer cell or tumor, as well as to a reduction in its metastaticpotential. Such an inhibition at the cellular level may reduce the size,deter the growth, reduce the aggressiveness, or prevent or inhibitmetastasis of a cancer in a patient. Those skilled in the art canreadily determine, by any of a variety of suitable indicia, whethercancer cell growth is inhibited.

Inhibition of cancer cell growth may be evidenced, for example, byarrest of cancer cells in a particular phase of the cell cycle, e.g.,arrest at the G2/M phase of the cell cycle. Inhibition of cancer cellgrowth can also be evidenced by direct or indirect measurement of cancercell or tumor size. In human cancer patients, such measurementsgenerally are made using well known imaging methods such as magneticresonance imaging, computerized axial tomography and X-rays. Cancer cellgrowth can also be determined indirectly, such as by determining thelevels of circulating carcinoembryonic antigen, prostate specificantigen or other cancer-specific antigens that are correlated withcancer cell growth. Inhibition of cancer growth is also generallycorrelated with prolonged survival and/or increased health andwell-being of the subject.

Compositions of this disclosure can be administered in combination withat least a further pharmaceutically effective anti-cancer agent.Chemotherapeutic agents, radiation, anti-angiogenic molecules, or otheragents may also be utilized. For example, in treating metastatic breastcancer, useful chemotherapeutic agents include cyclophosphamide,doxorubicin, paclitaxel, docetaxel, navelbine, capecitabine, andmitomycin C, among others. Combination chemotherapeutic regimens havealso proven effective includingcyclophosphamide+methotrexate+5-fluorouracil;cyclophosphamide+doxorubicin+5-fluorouracil; or,cyclophosphamide+doxorubicin, for example. Other compounds such asprednisone, a taxane, navelbine, mitomycin C, or vinblastine have beenutilized for various reasons. A majority of breast cancer patients haveestrogen-receptor positive (ER+) tumors and in these patients, endocrinetherapy (e.g., tamoxifen) is usually employed over chemotherapy. Forsuch patients, tamoxifen or, as a second line therapy, progestins(medroxyprogesterone acetate or megestrol acetate) are employed.Aromatase inhibitors (e.g., aminoglutethimide and analogs thereof suchas letrozole) decrease the availability of estrogen needed to maintaintumor growth and may be used as second or third line endocrine therapyin certain patients.

Other cancers may require different chemotherapeutic regimens. Forexample, metastatic colorectal cancer is typically treated withCamptosar (irinotecan or CPT-11), 5-fluorouracil or leucovorin, alone orin combination with one another. Proteinase and integrin inhibitors suchas the MMP inhibitors marimastate (British Biotech), COL-3 (Collagenex),Neovastat (Aeterna), AG3340 (Agouron), BMS-275291 (Bristol MyersSquibb), CGS 27023A (Novartis) or the integrin inhibitors Vitaxin(Medimmune), or MED1522 (Merck KgaA) may also be suitable for use.

In some embodiments, the angiogenic condition that can be treated withan anti-angiogenic composition of the invention is an infectiousdisease, which can include cholera, typhoid, tuberculosis, humanimmunodeficiency virus (HIV), Leishmania major Infection, herpeticstromal keratitis, dengue hemorrhagic fever, dengue shock syndrome,hantavirus pulmonary syndrome, hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome,pustular skin disease, smallpox, dracunculiasis, Human Africantrypanosomiasis, leishmaniasis, leprosy, pneumonia, HPV, gonorrhea,syphilis, anthrax, mononucleosis, viral conjunctivitis, lymphaticfilariasis, onchocerciasis, schistosomiasis, soil-transmittedhelminthiases, trachoma, acute viral encephalitis, West Nile fever,Zika, malaria, Japanese encephalitis, tularemia, Chagas, sandfly fever,plague, rickettsiosis, influenza, cervicovaginal infections, anddecubitus ulcers.

In some embodiments, the angiogenic condition that can be treated withan anti-angiogenic composition of the invention is neutropenia, ocularneovascularization, retinal vascular disease, or neovascular glaucoma.

In some embodiments, the angiogenic condition that can be treated withan anti-angiogenic composition of the invention is meningitis,encephalitis, or sleep apnea.

In some embodiments, the angiogenic condition that can be treated withan anti-angiogenic composition of the invention is obesity, gestationaldiabetes mellitus, proliferative diabetic retinopathy, diabetic macularedema, familial hypercholesterolemia.

In some embodiments, the angiogenic condition that can be treated withan anti-angiogenic composition of the invention is a skin orsubcutaneous disorder such as cutaneous inflammation, psorisis,phototoxicity, chronic skin inflammation, atopic dermatitis, eczema, andpolymyositis/dermatomyositis.

In some embodiments, the angiogenic condition that can be treated withan anti-angiogenic composition of the invention is a chronicinflammatory disease such as inflammatory bowel disease, rheumatoidarthritis, osteoarthritis, Crohn's disease, Lyme disease, multiplesclerosis, Type 1 diabetes, psoriatic arthritis, restless legs syndrome(RLS), fibromyalgia, dermatitis herpetiformis, Sjögren's syndrome,systemic lupus erythematosus, and gout.

In some embodiments, the angiogenic condition that can be treated withan anti-angiogenic composition of the invention is a respiratory diseasesuch as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), andatypical lymphoid disorders.

In some embodiments, the angiogenic condition that can be treated withan anti-angiogenic composition of the invention is an inflammatorydisease of the genitourinary system disease such as endometriosis.

In some embodiments, the angiogenic condition that can be treated withan anti-angiogenic composition of the invention is an inflammatorydisease of the digestive system, such as liver fibrosis.

In some embodiments, the angiogenic condition that can be treated withan anti-angiogenic composition of the invention is a neonatal orperinatal disease such as retinopathy of prematurity, infant respiratorydistress syndrome, cyanosis, neonatal conjunctivitis, orintraventricular hemorrhage.

In some embodiments, the angiogenic condition that can be treated withan anti-angiogenic composition of the invention is a childhood diseasesuch as Coat's disease, childhood Interstitial lung disease, Fifthdisease, hand, foot, and mouth disease, croup, scarlet fever, impetigo,Kawasaki Disease, Reye's Syndrome, or diphtheria.

In some embodiments, the angiogenic condition that can be treated withan anti-angiogenic composition of the invention is an age-relateddisease such as age-related macular degeneration, or frontotemporaldementias like Pick disease.

In some embodiments, the angiogenic condition that can be treated withan anti-angiogenic composition of the invention is Gorham-Stout Disease,adrenoleukodystrophy, abetalipoproteinemia arthrogryposis,adrenomyeloneuropathy, antisynthetase syndrome, ancylostomiasis,Addison's Disease, amyloidosis, birdshot chorioretinopathy, malignantperipheral nerve sheath tumors, Moyamoya, sarcoidosis, systemiccapillary leak syndrome, or plasma cell dyscrasia.

Many anti-angiogenic agents are known in the art and would be suitablefor co-administration. Such agents include, for example, physiologicalagents such as growth factors (e.g., ANG-2, NK1, 2, 4 (HGF),transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β)), cytokines (e.g., interferonssuch as IFN-α, -β, -γ, platelet factor 4 (PF-4), PR-39), proteases(e.g., cleaved AT-III, collagen XVIII fragment (Endostatin)),HmwKallikrein-d5 plasmin fragment (Angiostatin), prothrombin-F1-2,TSP-1), protease inhibitors (e.g., tissue inhibitor of metalloproteasessuch as TIMP-1, -2, or -3; maspin; plasminogen activator-inhibitors suchas PAI-1; pigment epithelium derived factor (PEDF)), Tumstatin(available through ILEX, Inc.), antibody products (e.g., thecollagen-binding antibodies HUIV26, HUI77, XL313; anti-VEGF;anti-integrin (e.g., Vitaxin, (Lxsys))), and glycosidases (e.g.,heparinase-I or -III). Molecules that are antagonists toangiogenesis-associated antigens (including proteins and polypeptides)are also suitable and can include, but are not limited to, moleculesdirected against VEGF, VEGF receptor, EGFR, bFGF, PDGF-B, PD-ECGF, TGFsincluding TGF-.alpha., endoglin, Id proteins, various proteases, nitricoxide synthase, aminopeptidase, thrombospondins, k-ras, Wnt,cyclin-dependent kinases, microtubules, heat shock proteins,heparin-binding factors, synthases, collagen receptors, integrins, andsurface proteoglycan NG2. “Chemical” or modified physiological agentsknown or believed to have anti-angiogenic potential include, forexample, vinblastine, taxol, ketoconazole, thalidomide, dolestatin,combrestatin A, rapamycin (Guba, et al. 2002, Nature Med., 8: 128-135),CEP-7055 (available from Cephalon, Inc.), flavone acetic acid, Bay12-9566 (Bayer Corp.), AG3340 (Agouron, Inc.), CGS. 27023A (Novartis),tetracylcine derivatives (e.g., COL-3 (Collagenix, Inc.)), Neovastat(Aeterna), BMS-275291 (Bristol-Myers Squibb), low dose 5-FU, low dosemethotrexate (MTX), irsofladine, radicicol, cyclosporine, captopril,celecoxib, D45152-sulphated polysaccharide, cationic protein(Protamine), cationic peptide-VEGF, Suramin (polysulphonated napthylurea), compounds that interfere with the function or production of VEGF(e.g., SU5416 or SU6668 (Sugen), PTK787/ZK22584 (Novartis)), DistamycinA, Angiozyme (ribozyme), isoflavinoids, staurosporine derivatives,genistein, EMD121974 (Merck KcgaA), tyrphostins, isoquinolones, retinoicacid, carboxyamidotriazole, TNP-470, octreotide, 2-methoxyestradiol,aminosterols (e.g., squalamine), glutathione analogues (e.g.,N-acteyl-L-cysteine), combretastatin A-4 (Oxigene), Eph receptorblocking agents (Nature, 414:933-938, 2001), Rh-Angiostatin,Rh-Endostatin (WO 01/93897), cyclic-RGD peptide, accutin-disintegrin,benzodiazepenes, humanized anti-avb3 Ab, Rh-PAI-2, amiloride,p-amidobenzamidine, anti-uPA ab, anti-uPAR Ab,L-phenylalanine-N-methylamides (e.g., Batimistat, Marimastat), AG3340,and minocycline. Many other suitable agents are known in the art andwould suffice in practicing the present invention.

In some embodiments, the angiogenic condition can be treated with apro-angiogenic composition of the invention. In some embodiments,provided herein are methods to prevent, inhibit or treat vasculardisease by administering to a subject an effective amount of anAKIP1-disrupting peptide, the peptide comprising at least 85% amino acidsequence identity to one of the amino acid sequences selected from thegroup consisting of PEPTIDE4, PEPTIDE6, PEPTIDE8, PEPTIDE10, PEPTIDE11,PEPTIDE12 and PEPTIDE16, wherein the peptide induces (enhances) cellsurvival.

In some embodiments, provided herein are methods to prevent, inhibit ortreat vascular disease by administering to a subject an effective amountof a nucleic acid encoding an AKIP1-disrupting peptide, the peptidecomprising at least 85% amino acid sequence identity to one of the aminoacid sequences selected from the group consisting of PEPTIDE4, PEPTIDE6,PEPTIDE8, PEPTIDE10, PEPTIDE11, PEPTIDE12 and PEPTIDE16, wherein thepeptide induces (enhances) cell survival.

In some embodiments, the angiogenic condition that can be treated with apro-angiogenic composition as described herein is an anti-angiogenicvascular condition or vascular disease including cardiovascular diseasessuch as ischemic heart disease, CAD (coronary heart disease), heartfailure, myocardial infarction, congenital heart block, cardiomyopathy,pericarditis, endocarditis, arrhythmias and atrial fibrillations.

In some embodiments, the angiogenic condition that can be treated with apro-angiogenic composition of the invention is a vascular or circulatorydisease such as PAD (peripheral arterial disease), peripheral vasculardisease, hypovolemia, deep vein thrombosis, atherosclerosis, hemorrhage,Raynaud's disease, and anemia.

In some embodiments, the angiogenic condition that can be treated with apro-angiogenic composition of the invention is a neurological diseasesuch as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Alzheimer's (AD),Parkinson's (PD), Hungtington's, diabetic neuropathy, cerebral autosomaldominant arteriopathy (CADASIL), stroke, Prion disease, cerebralischemia, sleep apnea, and hypoxia during sleep.

In some embodiments, the angiogenic condition that can be treated with apro-angiogenic composition of the invention is wound healing, stem cellrelated therapies including in wound angiogenesis, blood vessel repair,as well as reconstructive surgery, and regional perfusion deficits(e.g., limb, gut, renal ischemia).

In some embodiments, the angiogenic condition that can be treated with apro-angiogenic composition of the invention is an endocrine or metabolicdisease such as diabetes mellitus, impaired wound healing in diabetes,proliferative diabetic retinopathy, diabetic macular edema, renalfailure, and diabetic nephropathy

In some embodiments, the angiogenic condition that can be treated with apro-angiogenic composition of the invention is a pulmonary disorder suchas asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), andinterstitial lung disease.

In some embodiments, the angiogenic condition that can be treated with apro-angiogenic composition of the invention is a hypertensive diseasesuch as primary hypertension or pulmonary hypertension.

In some embodiments, the angiogenic condition that can be treated with apro-angiogenic composition of the invention is a respiratory diseasesuch as acute respiratory distress syndrome

In some embodiments, the angiogenic condition that can be treated with apro-angiogenic composition of the invention is a glomerular disease suchas renal failure.

In some embodiments, the angiogenic condition that can be treated with apro-angiogenic composition of the invention is a genitourinary systemdisease including male infertility and erectile dysfunction.

In some embodiments, the angiogenic condition that can be treated with apro-angiogenic composition of the invention is a disease of thedigestive system such as nonalcoholic steatohepatitis.

In some embodiments, the angiogenic condition that can be treated with apro-angiogenic composition of the invention is a newborn or prenatalcondition such as fetal hypoxia, respiratory distress syndrome,bronchopulmonary dysplasia, sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS),perinatal Asphyxia, necrotizing enterocolitis, patent ductus arteriosus,or erythroblastosis (blue baby syndrome).

In some embodiments, the angiogenic condition that can be treated with apro-angiogenic composition of the invention is an age-related diseasesuch as Parkinson's, Presbycusis and age-related hearing loss,osteoporosis, vascular dementia, Lewy Body dementia, or ataxia.

In some embodiments, the angiogenic condition that can be treated with apro-angiogenic composition of the invention is common variableimmunodeficiency or neonatal respiratory distress syndrome.

In some embodiments, the angiogenic condition that can be treated with apro-angiogenic composition of the invention is preeclampsia or acongenital circulatory abnormality (e.g., Tetralogy of Fallot).

Examples of vascular conditions or vascular diseases which may beprevented or treated using the disclosed compositions include but arenot limited to atherosclerosis, preeclampsia, peripheral vasculardisease, erectile dysfunction, cancers, renal failure, heart disease,stroke, maternal hypoxia (e.g., placental hypoxia, preeclampsia),abnormal pregnancy, peripheral vascular disease (e.g.,arteriosclerosis), transplant accelerated arteriosclerosis, deep veinthrombosis, erectile dysfunction, cancers, renal failure, stroke, heartdisease, sleep apnea, hypoxia during sleep, female sexual dysfunction,fetal hypoxia, smoking, anemia, hypovolemia, vascular or circulatoryconditions which increase risk of metastasis or tumor progression,hemorrhage, hypertension, diabetes, vasculopathologies, surgery (e.g.,per-surgical hypoxia, post-operative hypoxia), Raynaud's disease,endothelial dysfunction, regional perfusion deficits (e.g., limb, gut,renal ischemia), myocardial infarction, stroke, thrombosis, frost bite,decubitus ulcers, asphyxiation, poisoning (e.g., carbon monoxide, heavymetal), altitude sickness, pulmonary hypertension, sudden infant deathsyndrome (SIDS), asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD),congenital circulatory abnormalities (e.g., Tetralogy of Fallot) andErythroblastosis (blue baby syndrome). In one embodiment, thecompositions of the invention are employed to prevent, inhibit or treatstroke, atherosclerosis, acute coronary syndromes including unstableangina, thrombosis and myocardial infarction, plaque rupture, bothprimary and secondary (in-stent) restenosis in coronary or peripheralarteries, transplantation-induced sclerosis, peripheral limb disease,intermittent claudication and diabetic complications (including ischemicheart disease, peripheral artery disease, congestive heart failure,retinopathy, neuropathy and nephropathy), or thrombosis.

Formulations and Dosages

The disclosed compositions can be formulated as pharmaceuticalcompositions and administered to a mammalian host, such as a humanpatient in a variety of forms adapted to the chosen route ofadministration, e.g., orally or parenterally, by intravenous,intramuscular, topical or subcutaneous routes.

The disclosed compositions may be systemically administered, e.g.,orally, in combination with a pharmaceutically acceptable vehicle suchas an inert diluent or an assimilable edible carrier. They may beenclosed in hard or soft shell gelatin capsules, may be compressed intotablets, or may be incorporated directly with the food of the patient'sdiet. For oral administration, the peptides or fusions thereof, ornucleic acid encoding the peptide or fusion, may be combined with one ormore excipients and used in the form of ingestible tablets, buccaltablets, troches, capsules, elixirs, suspensions, syrups, wafers, andthe like. Such compositions and preparations should contain at least0.1% of active agent. The percentage of the compositions andpreparations may, of course, be varied and may conveniently be betweenabout 2 to about 60% of the weight of a given unit dosage form. Theamount of active agent in such useful compositions is such that aneffective dosage level will be obtained.

Tablets, troches, pills, capsules, and the like may also contain binderssuch as gum tragacanth, acacia, corn starch or gelatin; excipients suchas dicalcium phosphate; a disintegrating agent such as corn starch,potato starch, alginic acid and the like; a lubricant such as magnesiumstearate; and a sweetening agent such as sucrose, fructose, lactose oraspartame or a flavoring agent such as peppermint, oil of wintergreen,or cherry flavoring may be added. When the unit dosage form is acapsule, it may contain, in addition to materials of the above type, aliquid carrier, such as a vegetable oil or a polyethylene glycol.Various other materials may be present as coatings or to otherwisemodify the physical form of the solid unit dosage form. For instance,tablets, pills, or capsules may be coated with gelatin, wax, shellac orsugar and the like. A syrup or elixir may contain the active compound,sucrose or fructose as a sweetening agent, methyl and propylparabens aspreservatives, a dye and flavoring such as cherry or orange flavor. Ofcourse, any material used in preparing any unit dosage form should bepharmaceutically acceptable and substantially non-toxic in the amountsemployed. In addition, the active compound may be incorporated intosustained-release preparations and devices.

The disclosed compositions may also be administered intravenously orintraperitoneally by infusion or injection. Solutions of the peptides orfusions thereof, or nucleic acid encoding the peptide or fusion or itssalts can be prepared in water, optionally mixed with a nontoxicsurfactant. Dispersions can also be prepared in glycerol, liquidpolyethylene glycols, triacetin, and mixtures thereof and in oils. Underordinary conditions of storage and use, these preparations contain apreservative to prevent the growth of microorganisms.

The pharmaceutical dosage forms suitable for injection or infusion caninclude sterile aqueous solutions or dispersions or sterile powderscomprising the active ingredient which are adapted for theextemporaneous preparation of sterile injectable or infusible solutionsor dispersions, optionally encapsulated in liposomes. In all cases, theultimate dosage form should be sterile, fluid and stable under theconditions of manufacture and storage. The liquid carrier or vehicle canbe a solvent or liquid dispersion medium comprising, for example, water,ethanol, a polyol (for example, glycerol, propylene glycol, liquidpolyethylene glycols, and the like), vegetable oils, nontoxic glycerylesters, and suitable mixtures thereof. The proper fluidity can bemaintained, for example, by the formation of liposomes, by themaintenance of the required particle size in the case of dispersions orby the use of surfactants. The prevention of the action ofmicroorganisms can be brought about by various antibacterial andantifungal agents, for example, parabens, chlorobutanol, phenol, sorbicacid, thimerosal, and the like. In many cases, isotonic agents, forexample, sugars, buffers or sodium chloride are included. Prolongedabsorption of the injectable compositions can be brought about by theuse in the compositions of agents delaying absorption, for example,aluminum monostearate and gelatin.

Sterile injectable solutions are prepared by incorporating the activeagent in the required amount in the appropriate solvent with various ofthe other ingredients enumerated above, as required, followed by filtersterilization. In the case of sterile powders for the preparation ofsterile injectable solutions, the methods of preparation include vacuumdrying and the freeze drying techniques, which yield a powder of theactive ingredient plus any additional desired ingredient present in thepreviously sterile-filtered solutions.

For topical administration, the disclosed compositions may be applied inpure form, e.g., when they are liquids. However, it will generally bedesirable to administer them to the skin as compositions orformulations, in combination with a dermatologically acceptable carrier,which may be a solid or a liquid.

Useful solid carriers include finely divided solids such as talc, clay,microcrystalline cellulose, silica, alumina and the like. Useful liquidcarriers include water, alcohols or glycols or water-alcohol/glycolblends, in which the present compounds can be dissolved or dispersed ateffective levels, optionally with the aid of non-toxic surfactants.Adjuvants such as fragrances and additional antimicrobial agents can beadded to optimize the properties for a given use. The resultant liquidcompositions can be applied from absorbent pads, used to impregnatebandages and other dressings, or sprayed onto the affected area usingpump-type or aerosol sprayers.

Thickeners such as synthetic polymers, fatty acids, fatty acid salts andesters, fatty alcohols, modified celluloses or modified mineralmaterials can also be employed with liquid carriers to form spreadablepastes, gels, ointments, soaps, and the like, for application directlyto the skin of the user.

Useful dosages of the disclosed compositions can be determined bycomparing their in vitro activity and in vivo activity in animal models.Methods for the extrapolation of effective dosages in mice, and otheranimals, to humans are known to the art; for example, see U.S. Pat. No.4,938,949.

Generally, the concentration of the peptides or fusions thereof, ornucleic acid encoding the peptide or fusion, in a liquid composition,such as a lotion, may be from about 0.1-25 wt-%, e.g., from about 0.5-10wt-%. The concentration in a semi-solid or solid composition such as agel or a powder may be about 0.1-5 wt-%, e.g., about 0.5-2.5 wt-%.

The amount of the disclosed compositions required for use alone or withother agents will vary with the route of administration, the nature ofthe condition being treated and the age and condition of the patient andwill be ultimately at the discretion of the attendant physician orclinician.

The disclosed compositions may be conveniently administered in unitdosage form; for example, containing 5 to 1000 mg, conveniently 10 to750 mg, or conveniently 50 to 500 mg of active ingredient per unitdosage form.

In general, however, a suitable dose may be in the range of from about0.5 to about 100 mg/kg, e.g., from about 10 to about 75 mg/kg of bodyweight per day, such as 3 to about 50 mg per kilogram body weight of therecipient per day, for example in the range of 6 to 90 mg/kg/day, e.g.,in the range of 15 to 60 mg/kg/day.

Exemplary Embodiments

A1. A pharmaceutical composition comprising an effective amount of anAKIP1-disrupting peptide, the peptide comprising at least 85% amino acidsequence identity to one of the amino acid sequences selected from thegroup consisting of PEPTIDE1, PEPTIDE2, PEPTIDE3, PEPTIDE4, PEPTIDE5,PEPTIDE7, PEPTIDE8, PEPTIDE9, PEPTIDE10, PEPTIDE11, PEPTIDE13,PEPTIDE14, PEPTIDE15, PEPTIDE16, PEPTIDE17 and PEPTIDE18, wherein thepeptide induces apoptosis or cell death, or alters angiogenesis.A2. The pharmaceutical composition of embodiment A1, comprising aneffective amount of an AKIP1-disrupting peptide, the peptide comprisingat least 90%, at least 92%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, atleast 97%, at least 98%, or at least 99% amino acid sequence identity toone of the amino acid sequences selected from the group consisting ofPEPTIDE1, PEPTIDE2, PEPTIDE3, PEPTIDE4, PEPTIDE5, PEPTIDE7, PEPTIDE8,PEPTIDE9, PEPTIDE10, PEPTIDE11, PEPTIDE13, PEPTIDE14, PEPTIDE15,PEPTIDE16, PEPTIDE17 and PEPTIDE18, wherein the peptide inducesapoptosis or cell death, or alters angiogenesis.A3. The pharmaceutical composition of embodiment A1 or A2, comprising afusion.A4. The pharmaceutical composition of embodiment A3, wherein the fusioncomprises a tissue-penetrating peptide (TPP) or cell-penetrating peptide(CPP) sequence.A5. The pharmaceutical composition of embodiment A4, wherein thetissue-penetrating peptide (TPP) or cell-penetrating peptide (CPP)sequence is selected from the group consisting of: amphipathic,cationic, hydrophobic and anionic type.A6. The pharmaceutical composition of embodiment A4, comprisingMAKRGARSTA (SEQ ID NO:58).A7. The pharmaceutical composition of embodiment A4, wherein the CPP isselected from the group consisting of: RVG29, CDX, Angiopep-2, ApoB(3371-3409), ApoE (159-167)2, Peptide-22, TfR B6, T7, THR, Leptin 30,Apamin, ApOO, MiniAp-4, GSH, G23, g7, Tat(47-57), SynB1,Diketopiperazine, Phenylproline oligomer, PepH3, and PepNeg.A8. The pharmaceutical composition of any of the embodiments A1 to A7,comprising a non-antibody scaffold.A9. The pharmaceutical composition of embodiment A8, wherein thenon-antibody scaffold is selected from the group consisting of:adnectins, affibodies, affilins, anticalins, atrimers, avimers bicyclicpeptides, Centyrin, Cys-knots, DARPins, fynomers, Kunitz domain,O-bodies, pronectins, and Tn3.A10. The pharmaceutical composition of any of the embodiments A1 to A9,comprising a salt of the carboxyl group.A11. The pharmaceutical composition of any of the embodiments A1 to A10,comprising an N- or C-terminal modification.A12. The pharmaceutical composition of any of the embodiments A1 to A11,comprising an amino acid substitution.A13. The pharmaceutical composition of embodiment A12, wherein the aminoacid substitution is selected from the group consisting of:phosphoserine, phosphothreonine, phosphotyrosine, hydroxyproline,gamma-carboxyglutamate; hippuric acid, octahydroindole-2-carboxylicacid, statine, 1,2,3,4,-tetrahydroisoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid,penicillamine, ornithine, citruline, alpha-methyl-alanine,para-benzoyl-phenylalanine, phenylglycine, propargylglycine, sarcosine,epsilon-N,N,N-trimethyllysine, epsilon-N-acetyllysine, N-acetylserine,N-formylmethionine, 3-methylhistidine, 5-hydroxylysine, andomega-N-methylarginine.A14. The pharmaceutical composition of any of the embodiments A1 to A13,wherein the peptide is cyclic.A15. The pharmaceutical composition of any of the embodiments A1 to A13,wherein the peptide is branched.A16. The pharmaceutical composition of embodiment A1, wherein thepeptide comprises a peptidomimetic.A17. The pharmaceutical composition of any of the embodiments A1 to A16,wherein the peptide is conjugated to bovine serum albumin, ovalbumin, orkeyhole limpet hemocyanin.A18. The pharmaceutical composition of any of the embodiments A1 to A17,wherein the peptide is conjugated to polyethylene glycol.A19. The pharmaceutical composition of any of the embodiments A1 to A18,wherein the composition is formulated as a pro-drug.B1. A pharmaceutical composition comprising an effective amount of anucleic acid encoding an AKIP1-disrupting peptide, the peptidecomprising at least 85% amino acid sequence identity to one of the aminoacid sequences selected from the group consisting of PEPTIDE1, PEPTIDE2,PEPTIDE3, PEPTIDE4, PEPTIDE5, PEPTIDE7, PEPTIDE8, PEPTIDE9, PEPTIDE10,PEPTIDE11, PEPTIDE13, PEPTIDE14, PEPTIDE15, PEPTIDE16, PEPTIDE17 andPEPTIDE18, wherein the peptide induces apoptosis or cell death, oralters angiogenesis.B2. The pharmaceutical composition of embodiment B1, comprising adelivery vector.B3. The pharmaceutical composition of embodiment B2, wherein thedelivery vector comprises a plasmid vector.B4. The pharmaceutical composition of embodiment B2, wherein thedelivery vector comprises a viral vector.B5. The pharmaceutical composition of embodiment B4, wherein the viralvector is selected from the group consisting of: recombinant adenovirus,retrovirus, lentivirus, herpesvirus, poxvirus, papilloma virus, andadeno-associated virus.B6. The pharmaceutical composition of embodiment B1, comprising aliposome.B7. The pharmaceutical composition of embodiment B6, wherein theliposome is selected from the group consisting of: DOSPA/DOPE,DOGS/DOPE, DMRIE/DOPE and DOTMA/DOPE.B8. The pharmaceutical composition of embodiment B1, comprising acarrier system for cargo delivery.B9. The pharmaceutical composition of embodiment B8, wherein the carriersystem for cargo delivery is selected from the group consisting of: apolymer matrix, a polymeric nanoparticle, a nanoworm, a hydrogel, aphosphorodiamidate morpholino oligomer, and a peptide nucleic acid.C1. A method for to prevent, inhibit or treat an angiogenic disorder byadministering to a subject an effective amount of a pharmaceuticalcomposition of any of the embodiments A1-A19 or B1-B9.C2. The method of embodiment C1, wherein the angiogenic disordercomprises cancer.C3. The method of embodiment C2, wherein the cancer is a solid tumorcancer.C4. The method of embodiment C3, wherein the solid tumor cancer is acancer of an organ selected from the group consisting of: nervoussystem, ovary, breast, lung, thyroid, lymph node, kidney, ureter,bladder, teste, prostate, skin, bone, skeletal muscle, bone marrow,stomach, esophagus, small bowel, colon, rectum, pancreas, liver, smoothmuscle, ear, eye, nasopharynx, oropharynx, salivary gland, bloodvessels, and heart.C5. The method of embodiment C4, wherein the cancer comprises braincancer.C6. The method of embodiment C4, wherein the cancer comprises cancer ofthe nervous system and selected from the group consisting of:glioblastoma multiforme, neuroma, anaplastic astrocytoma, neuroblastoma,glioma, astrocytoma, meningioma, pituitary adenoma, primary CNSlymphoma, medulloblastoma, ependymoma, sarcoma, oligodendroglioma,medulloblastoma, spinal cord tumor, and schwannoma.C7. The method of embodiment C4, wherein the cancer comprises ovariancancer.C8. The method of embodiment C7, wherein the cancer is selected from thegroup consisting of: ovarian epithelial carcinoma and germ cell tumor.C9. The method of embodiment C4, wherein the cancer comprises breastcancer.C10. The method of embodiment C9, wherein the cancer is selected fromthe group consisting of: ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), infiltratingductal carcinoma, invasive ductal carcinoma, infiltrating lobularcarcinoma, and invasive lobular carcinoma.C11. The method of embodiment C4, wherein the cancer comprises lungcancer.C12. The method of embodiment C11, wherein the cancer is selected fromthe group consisting of: small cell lung cancer, non-small cell lungcancer, metastatic lung cell cancer, and lung lymphatic cancer.C13. The method of embodiment C4, wherein the cancer comprises thyroidcancer.C14. The method of embodiment C13, wherein the cancer is selected fromthe group consisting of: papillary thyroid cancer, mixedpapillary/follicular thyroid cancer, follicular thyroid cancer, Hurthlecell thyroid cancer, medullary thyroid cancer, and anaplastic thyroidcancer.C15. The method of embodiment C4, wherein the cancer comprises kidneycancer.C16. The method of embodiment C15, wherein the cancer is selected fromthe group consisting of: renal cell carcinoma, transitional cellcarcinoma, Wilms tumor, and renal sarcoma.C17. The method of embodiment C4, wherein the cancer comprises bladdercancer.C18. The method of embodiment C17, wherein the cancer is selected fromthe group consisting of: squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma.C19. The method of embodiment C4, wherein the cancer comprises skincancer.C20. The method of embodiment C19, wherein the cancer is selected fromthe group consisting of: squamous cell carcinoma, Kaposi's sarcoma,malignant melanoma, Merkel cell skin cancer, and non-melanoma skincancer.C21. The method of embodiment C4, wherein the cancer comprises bonecancer.C22. The method of embodiment C21, wherein the cancer is selected fromthe group consisting of: osteosarcoma, chondrosarcoma, and the EwingSarcoma Family of Tumors (ESFTs).C23. The method of embodiment C4, wherein the cancer comprisespancreatic cancer.C24. The method of embodiment C23, wherein the cancer is selected fromthe group consisting of: exocrine pancreatic cancer and endocrinepancreatic cancer.C25. The method of embodiment C24, wherein the cancer comprises exocrinepancreatic cancer and is selected from the group consisting of:adenocarcinoma, acinar cell carcinoma, adenosquamous carcinoma, colloidcarcinoma, undifferentiated carcinoma with osteoclast-like giant cells,hepatoid carcinoma, intraductal papillary-mucinous neoplasm, mucinouscystic neoplasm, pancreatoblastoma, serous cystadenoma, signet ring cellcarcinoma, pseuodpapillary tumor, pancreatic ductal carcinoma, andundifferentiated carcinoma.C26. The method of embodiment C24, wherein the cancer comprisesendocrine pancreatic cancer and is selected from the group consistingof: insulinoma and glucagonoma.C27. The method of embodiment C4, wherein the cancer comprises livercancer.C28. The method of embodiment C27, wherein the cancer is selected fromthe group consisting of: hepatocellular carcinoma, cholangiocarcinoma,and mixed hepatocellular cholangiocarcinoma.C29. The method of embodiment C4, wherein the cancer comprises eyecancer.C30. The method of embodiment C29, wherein the cancer is selected fromthe group consisting of: intraocular melanoma and retinoblastoma.C31. The method of embodiment C4, wherein the cancer comprises bloodvessel cancer.C32. The method of embodiment C31, wherein the cancer compriseshemangioma.C33. The method of embodiment C3, wherein the cancer is selected fromthe group consisting of: von Hippel-Lindau disease, Castleman's disease,lymphadenopathy, X-linked lymphoproliferative disorder, andNon-Hodgkin's Lymphoma.C34. The method of any of the embodiments of C1 to C33, furthercomprising a pharmaceutically effective anti-cancer agent.C35. The method of embodiment C1, wherein the angiogenic disordercomprises an infectious disease.C36. The method of embodiment C35, wherein the infectious disease isselected from the group consisting of: cholera, typhoid, tuberculosis,human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), Leishmania major infection, herpeticstromal keratitis, dengue hemorrhagic fever, dengue shock syndrome,hantavirus pulmonary syndrome, hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome,pustular skin disease, smallpox, dracunculiasis, Human Africantrypanosomiasis, leishmaniasis, leprosy, pneumonia, HPV, gonorrhea,syphilis, anthrax, mononucleosis, viral conjunctivitis, lymphaticfilariasis, onchocerciasis, schistosomiasis, soil-transmittedhelminthiases, trachoma, acute viral encephalitis, West Nile fever,Zika, malaria, Japanese encephalitis, tularemia, Chagas, sandfly fever,plague, rickettsiosis, influenza, cervicovaginal infection, anddecubitus ulcers.C37. The method of embodiment C1, wherein the angiogenic disorder isselected from the group consisting of: neutropenia, ocularneovascularization, retinal vascular disease, or neovascular glaucoma.C38. The method of embodiment C1, wherein the angiogenic disorder isselected from the group consisting of: meningitis, encephalitis, andsleep apnea.C39. The method of embodiment C1, wherein the angiogenic disorder isselected from the group consisting of: obesity, gestational diabetesmellitus, proliferative diabetic retinopathy, diabetic macular edema,and familial hypercholesterolemia.C40. The method of embodiment C1, wherein the angiogenic disorder isselected from the group consisting of: cutaneous inflammation, psorisis,phototoxicity, chronic skin inflammation, atopic dermatitis, eczema, andpolymyositis/dermatomyositis.C41. The method of embodiment C1, wherein the angiogenic disordercomprises a chronic inflammatory disease.C42. The method of embodiment C40, wherein the chronic inflammatorydisease is selected from the group consisting of: inflammatory boweldisease, rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, Crohn's disease, Lymedisease, multiple sclerosis, Type 1 diabetes, psoriatic arthritis,restless legs syndrome (RLS), fibromyalgia, dermatitis herpetiformis,Sjögren's syndrome, systemic lupus erythematosus, and gout.C43. The method of embodiment C1, wherein the angiogenic disorder isselected from the group consisting of: asthma, chronic obstructivepulmonary disease (COPD), and atypical lymphoid disorder.C44. The method of embodiment C1, wherein the angiogenic disordercomprises endometriosis.C45. The method of embodiment C1, wherein the angiogenic disordercomprises liver fibrosis.C46. The method of embodiment C1, wherein the angiogenic disorder isselected from the group consisting of: retinopathy of prematurity,infant respiratory distress syndrome, cyanosis, neonatal conjunctivitis,and intraventricular hemorrhage.C47. The method of embodiment C1, wherein the angiogenic disorder isselected from the group consisting of: Coat's disease, childhoodInterstitial lung disease, Fifth disease, hand, foot, and mouth disease,croup, scarlet fever, impetigo, Kawasaki Disease, Reye's Syndrome, ordiphtheria.C48. The method of embodiment C1, wherein the angiogenic disorder isselected from the group consisting of: age-related macular degenerationand frontotemporal dementia.C49. The method of embodiment C1, wherein the angiogenic disorder isselected from the group consisting of: Gorham-Stout Disease,adrenoleukodystrophy, abetalipoproteinemia arthrogryposis,adrenomyeloneuropathy, antisynthetase syndrome, ancylostomiasis,Addison's Disease, amyloidosis, birdshot chorioretinopathy, malignantperipheral nerve sheath tumors, Moyamoya, sarcoidosis, systemiccapillary leak syndrome, or plasma cell dyscrasia.D1. A pharmaceutical composition comprising an effective amount of anAKIP1-disrupting peptide, the peptide comprising at least 85% amino acidsequence identity to one of the amino acid sequences selected from thegroup consisting of PEPTIDE4, PEPTIDE6, PEPTIDE8, PEPTIDE10, PEPTIDE11,PEPTIDE12 and PEPTIDE16, wherein the peptide induces cell survival.D2. The pharmaceutical composition of embodiment D1, comprising aneffective amount of an AKIP1-disrupting peptide, the peptide comprisingat least 90%, at least 92%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, atleast 97%, at least 98%, or at least 99% amino acid sequence identity toone of the amino acid sequences selected from the group consisting ofPEPTIDE4, PEPTIDE6, PEPTIDE8, PEPTIDE10, PEPTIDE11, PEPTIDE12 andPEPTIDE16, wherein the peptide induces cell survival.D3. The pharmaceutical composition of embodiment D1 or D2, comprising afusion.D4. The pharmaceutical composition of embodiment D4, wherein the fusioncomprises a tissue-penetrating peptide (TPP) or cell-penetrating peptide(CPP) sequence.D5. The pharmaceutical composition of embodiment D4, wherein thetissue-penetrating peptide (TPP) or cell-penetrating peptide (CPP)sequence is selected from the group consisting of: amphipathic,cationic, hydrophobic and anionic type.D6. The pharmaceutical composition of embodiment D4, comprisingMAKRGARSTA (SEQ ID NO:58).D7. The pharmaceutical composition of embodiment D4, wherein the CPP isselected from the group consisting of: RVG29, CDX, Angiopep-2, ApoB(3371-3409), ApoE (159-167)2, Peptide-22, TfR B6, T7, THR, Leptin 30,Apamin, ApOO, MiniAp-4, GSH, G23, g7, Tat(47-57), SynB1,Diketopiperazine, Phenylproline oligomer, PepH3, and PepNeg.D8. The pharmaceutical composition of any of the embodiments D1 to D7,comprising a non-antibody scaffold.D9. The pharmaceutical composition of embodiment D8, wherein thenon-antibody scaffold is selected from the group consisting of:adnectin, affibody, affilin, anticalin, atrimer, avimer, bicyclicpeptide, Centyrin, Cys-knot, DARPin, fynomer, Kunitz domain, O-body,pronectin, and Tn3.D10. The pharmaceutical composition of any of the embodiments D1 to D9,comprising a salt of the carboxyl group.D11. The pharmaceutical composition of any of the embodiments D1 to D10,comprising an N- or C-terminal modification.D12. The pharmaceutical composition of any of the embodiments D1 to D11,wherein the peptide comprises an amino acid substitution relative to oneof SEQ ID Nos. 1-25.D13. The pharmaceutical composition of embodiment D12, wherein the aminoacid substitution is selected from the group consisting of:phosphoserine, phosphothreonine, phosphotyrosine, hydroxyproline,gamma-carboxyglutamate; hippuric acid, octahydroindole-2-carboxylicacid, statine, 1,2,3,4,-tetrahydroisoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid,penicillamine, ornithine, citruline, alpha-methyl-alanine,para-benzoyl-phenylalanine, phenylglycine, propargylglycine, sarcosine,epsilon-N,N,N-trimethyllysine, epsilon-N-acetyllysine, N-acetylserine,N-formylmethionine, 3-methylhistidine, 5-hydroxylysine, andomega-N-methylarginine.D14. The pharmaceutical composition of any of the embodiments D1 to D13,wherein the peptide is cyclic.D15. The pharmaceutical composition of any of the embodiments D1 to D13,wherein the peptide is branched.D16. The pharmaceutical composition of embodiment D1, wherein thepeptide comprises a peptidomimetic.D17. The pharmaceutical composition of any of the embodiments D1 to D16,wherein the peptide is conjugated to bovine serum albumin, ovalbumin, orkeyhole limpet hemocyanin.D18. The pharmaceutical composition of any of the embodiments D1 to D17,wherein the peptide is conjugated to polyethylene glycol.D19. The pharmaceutical composition of any of the embodiments D1 to D18,wherein the composition is formulated as a pro-drug.E1. A pharmaceutical composition comprising an effective amount of anucleic acid encoding an AKIP1-disrupting peptide, the peptidecomprising at least 85% amino acid sequence identity to one of the aminoacid sequences selected from the group consisting of PEPTIDE4, PEPTIDE6,PEPTIDE8, PEPTIDE10, PEPTIDE11, PEPTIDE12 and PEPTIDE16, wherein thepeptide induces cell survival.E2. The pharmaceutical composition of embodiment E1, comprising adelivery vector.E3. The pharmaceutical composition of embodiment E2, wherein thedelivery vector comprises a plasmid vector.E4. The pharmaceutical composition of embodiment E2, wherein thedelivery vector comprises a viral vector.E5. The pharmaceutical composition of embodiment E4, wherein the viralvector is selected from the group consisting of: recombinant adenovirus,retrovirus, lentivirus, herpesvirus, poxvirus, papilloma virus, andadeno-associated virus.E6. The pharmaceutical composition of embodiment E1, comprising aliposome.E7. The pharmaceutical composition of embodiment E6, wherein theliposome is selected from the group consisting of: DOSPA/DOPE,DOGS/DOPE, DMRIE/DOPE and DOTMA/DOPE.E8. The pharmaceutical composition of embodiment E1, comprising acarrier system for cargo delivery.E9. The pharmaceutical composition of embodiment E8, wherein the carriersystem for cargo delivery is selected from the group consisting of: apolymer matrix, a polymeric nanoparticle, a nanoworm, a hydrogel, aphosphorodiamidate morpholino oligomer, and a peptide nucleic acid.F1. A method to prevent, inhibit or treat an angiogenic disorder byadministering to a subject an effective amount of a pharmaceuticalcomposition of any of the embodiments D1-D19 or E1-E9.F2. The method of embodiment F1, wherein the angiogenic disordercomprises a vascular or circulatory disease.F3. The method of embodiment F2, wherein the vascular or circulatorydisease comprises a cardiovascular disease.F4. The method of embodiment F3, wherein the cardiovascular disease isselected from the group consisting of: ischemic heart disease, CAD(coronary heart disease), heart failure, myocardial infarction,congenital heart block, cardiomyopathy, pericarditis, endocarditis,arrhythmia, and atrial fibrillation.F5. The method of embodiment F2, wherein the vascular or circulatorydisease is selected from the group consisting of: PAD (peripheralarterial disease), peripheral vascular disease, hypovolemia, deep veinthrombosis, artherosclerosis, hemorrhage, Raynaud's disease, and anemia.F6. The method of embodiment F1, wherein the angiogenic disordercomprises a neurological disease.F7. The method of embodiment F6, wherein the neurological disease isselected from the group consisting of: amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS), Alzheimer's (AD), Parkinson's (PD), Hungtington's, diabeticneuropathy, cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy (CADASIL), stroke,Prion disease, cerebral ischemia, sleep apnea, and hypoxia during sleep.F8. The method of embodiment F1, wherein the angiogenic disorder isselected from the group consisting of: wound healing, stem cell relatedtherapy, blood vessel repair, reconstructive surgery, and regionalperfusion deficit.F9. The method of embodiment F1, wherein the angiogenic disordercomprises an endocrine or metabolic disease.F10. The method of embodiment F9, wherein the endocrine or metabolicdisease is selected from the group consisting of: diabetes mellitus,impaired wound healing in diabetes, proliferative diabetic retinopathy,diabetic macular edema, renal failure, and diabetic nephropathy.F11. The method of embodiment F1, wherein the angiogenic disordercomprises a pulmonary disorder.F12. The method of embodiment F11, wherein the pulmonary disorder isselected from the group consisting of: asthma, chronic obstructivepulmonary disease (COPD), and interstitial lung disease.F13. The method of embodiment F1, wherein the angiogenic disordercomprises a hypertensive disease.F14. The method of embodiment F13, wherein the hypertensive disease isselected from the group consisting of: primary hypertension andpulmonary hypertension.F15. The method of embodiment F1, wherein the angiogenic disordercomprises a respiratory disease.F16. The method of embodiment F15, wherein the respiratory diseasecomprises acute respiratory distress syndrome.F17. The method of embodiment F1, wherein the angiogenic disordercomprises a glomerular disease.F18. The method of embodiment F17, wherein the glomerular diseasecomprises renal failure.F19. The method of embodiment F1, wherein the angiogenic disordercomprises a genitourinary system disease.F20. The method of embodiment F19, wherein the genitourinary systemdisease is selected from the group consisting of: male infertility anderectile dysfunction.F21. The method of embodiment F1, wherein the angiogenic disordercomprises a disease of the digestive system.F22. The method of embodiment F21, wherein the disease of the digestivesystem comprises nonalcoholic steatohepatitis.F23. The method of embodiment F1, wherein the angiogenic disorder isselected from the group consisting of: fetal hypoxia, respiratorydistress syndrome, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, sudden infant deathsyndrome (SIDS), perinatal Asphyxia, necrotizing enterocolitis, patentductus arteriosus, and erythroblastosis (blue baby syndrome).F24. The method of embodiment F1, wherein the angiogenic disorder isselected from the group consisting of: Parkinson's, Presbycusis and agerelated hearing loss, osteoporosis, vascular dementia, Lewy Bodydementia, and ataxia.F25. The method of embodiment F1, wherein the angiogenic disorder isselected from the group consisting of: preeclampsia and congenitalcirculatory abnormality.G1. A mammalian host cell, the genome of which is augmented by a vectorcomprising nucleic acid encoding an AKIP1-disrupting peptide, thepeptide comprising at least 85% amino acid sequence identity to one ofthe amino acid sequences selected from the group consisting of PEPTIDE1,PEPTIDE2, PEPTIDE3, PEPTIDE4, PEPTIDE5, PEPTIDE7, PEPTIDE8, PEPTIDE9,PEPTIDE10, PEPTIDE11, PEPTIDE13, PEPTIDE14, PEPTIDE15, PEPTIDE16,PEPTIDE17 and PEPTIDE18, wherein the peptide induces apoptosis or celldeath, or alters angiogenesis.G2. A mammalian host cell, the genome of which is augmented by a vectorcomprising nucleic acid encoding an AKIP1-disrupting peptide, thepeptide comprising at least 85% amino acid sequence identity to one ofthe amino acid sequences selected from the group consisting of PEPTIDE4,PEPTIDE6, PEPTIDE8, PEPTIDE10, PEPTIDE11, PEPTIDE12 and PEPTIDE16,wherein the peptide induces or enhances cell survival.

The invention will be described by the following non-limiting examples.

Example 1

ADPs were first identified using Peptide SPOT analysis. Peptides wereidentified from AKIP1, PKAc, HSP-70 and p65 sequences. The identifiedADPs were attached at the N-terminus to tumor penetrating peptide basedon the CENDR rule (FIG. 9 ). A fluorescent tag was attached to theC-terminus for ease of visualization.

To test these ADPs, CRISPR based AKIP1 knock-out cell lines weregenerated in HEK 293 and glioblastoma cell lines. Further, all theisoforms of AKIP1 were reintroduced into the AKIP1 knock-outglioblastoma cell lines.

Cell-permeable ADPs may be particularly useful in antiangiogenictherapies.

ADPs peptides from PKAc include but are not limited to: PPA 1:(SEQ ID NO: 23) GNAAAAKKGSEQESVKEFLAKAKEDFLKK PPA4: (SEQ ID NO: 19)VKEFLAKAKEDFLKKWESPAQ PPA10: (SEQ ID NO: 26)TWTLCGTPEYLAPEI ILSKGYN KAVDWWALGVLIYEMAAGYPPFF;from HSP70 include but are not limited to: PHA4: (SEQ ID NO: 28)KSQVISNAKNTVQGFKRFHGRAFSDPFVEAEKSNLAYDIVQWPTGLTGIKVTYMEEERNFTIEQVTAMLLSKLKETAESVLKKPVV PHA5: (SEQ ID NO: 27)IMQDKLEKERNDAKNAVEEYVYEMRDKLSGEYEKFVSEDDRN SFTLKLEDTENWL;from p65 include but are not limited to: PRA1: (SEQ ID NO: 14)PLIFPAEPAQASGPYVEIIEQPKQ PRA8: (SEQ ID NO: 8)VKKRDLEQAISQRIQTNNNPFQVPIEEQRG DYDLNAVRAnd from AKIP1 include but are not limited to: PAAI 1: (SEQ ID NO: 11)LNGVDRRSLQRSARLALEVLERAK PAAI 3: (SEQ ID NO: 5)DIGNGQRKDRKKTSLGPGGSYQISEHA PARI: (SEQ ID NO: 9)KYYSSVPEEGGATHVYRYHRGESKLHM PAP1: (SEQ ID NO: 7)GGSYQISEHAPEASQPAENISKDLYIEVYPGTYS Paint1: (SEQ ID NO: 30)DNCLAAAALNGVDRRSLQRSAKLALEVLERAKRR

TABLE 6 Peptide Name Effectiveness PPA 1 Low to moderate PPA 4 ModeratePPA 10 Moderately high PHA 4 Moderate PHA 5 High PRA 1 High PRA 8Moderate PAA 11 High PAA 13 High PAR 1 High PAP 1 Low PAint ModerateHumExemplary human sequences for AKIP, HSP70, p65 and PKAc are asfollows: Akip Accession No. NP_065693 (bolded sequence show exemplaryADPs):

(SEQ ID NO: 31) mdnclaaaa l nqvdrrslqr sarlalevle rakrravdwh alerpkgcmg vlareaphle kqpaagpqrv Ipgereerpp tlsasfrtmaefmdytssqc  gkyyssvpee qqathvyryh rgesklhm cl  diqnqqrkdr kktslqpqqs  vqisehapea sqpaeniskd lyievypgty svtvgsndlt kkthvvavds gqsvdlvfpvHSP70 Accession No. NP_002145: (SEQ ID NO: 32)msvvgidlgf qscyvavara ggietianey sdrctpacis fgpknrsiga aaksqvisnakntvqgfkrf hgrafsdpfv eaeksnlayd ivqlptgltg ikvtymeeer nftteqvtamllsklketae svlkkpvvdc vvsvpcfytd aerrsvmdat qiaglnclrl mnettavalaygiykqdlpa leekprnvvf vdmghsayqv svcafnrgkl kvlatafdtt Iggrkfdevlvnhfceefgk kykldikski rallrlsqec eklkklmsan asdlplsiec fmndvdvsgtmnrgkflemc ndllarvepp Irsvleqtkl kkediyavei vggatripav kekiskffgkelsttlnade avtrgcalqc ailspafkvr efsitdvvpy pislrwnspa eegssdcevfsknhaapfsk vltfyrkepf tleayysspq dlpypdpaia qfsvqkvtpq sdgssskvkvkvrvnvhgif svssaslvev hkseeneepm etdqnakeee kmqvdqeeph veeqqqqtpaenkaeseeme tsqagskdkk mdqppqakka kvktstvdlp ienqllwqid remlnlyien egkmimqdkl ekerndakna veeyvyemrd klsqeyekfv seddrnsftl kledtenwl yedgedqpkqv yvdklaelkn Igqpikirfq eseerpklfe elgkqiqqym kiissfknkedqydhldaad mtkvekstne amewmnnkln Iqnkqsltmd pvvkskeiea kikeltstcspiiskpkpkv eppkeeqkna eqngpvdgqg dnpgpqaaeq gtdtavpsds dkklpemdidP65 Accession No. CAA80524: (SEQ ID NO: 33) mdelfplifp aepaqasqpy veiieqpkq r gmrfrykceg rsagsipgrr stdttkthptikingytgpg tvrislvtkd pphrphphel vgkdcrdgfy eaelcpdrci hsfqnlgiqcvkkrdleqai sqriqtnnnp fqvpieeqrg dydlnavrlc fqvtvrdpsg rplrlppvlshpifdnrapn taelkicrvn rnsgsclggd eifllcdkvq kedievyftg pgweargsfsqadvhrqvai vfrtppyadp slqapvrvsm qlrrpsdrel sepmefqylp dtddrhrieekrkrtyetfk simkkspfsg ptdprppprr iavpsrssas vpkpapqpyp ftsslstinydefptmvfps grsarprigp appqvlpqap apapapamvs alaqapapvp vlapgppqavappapkptqa gegtlseall qlqfddedlg allgnstdpa vftdlasvdn sefqqllnqgipvaphttep mlmeypeait rlvtgaqrpp dpapapigap glpngllsgd edfssiadmdfsallsqiss PKAc (beta) Accession No. KAPCB_HUMAN: (SEQ ID NO: 34)mgnaatakkg sevesvkefl akakedflkk wenptqnnag ledferkkti gtgsfgrvmlvkhkateqyy amkildkqkv vklkqiehtl nekrilqavn fpflvrleya fkdnsnlymvmeyvpggemf shlrrigrfs epharfyaaq ivltfeylhs Idliyrdlkp enllidhqgyiqvtdfgfak rvkqr twtlc qtpeylapei ilskqynkav dwwalqvliv emaaqyppffadqpiqiyek ivsgkvrfps hfssdlkdll rnllqvdltk rfgnlkngvs dikthkwfattdwiaiyqrk veapfipkfr gsgdtsnfdd yeeedirvsi tekcakefge fPKAc (alpha) Accession No. KAPCA_HUMAN (SEQ ID NO: 35)mgnaaaakkg seqesvkefl akakedflkk wespaqntah Idqferiktl gtgsfgrvmlvkhketgnhy amkildkqkv vklkqiehtl nekrilqavn fpflvklefs fkdnsnlymvmeyvpggemf shlrrigrfs epharfyaaq ivltfeylhs Idliyrdlkp enllidqqgyiqvtdfgfak rvkgrtwtlc gtpeylapei ilskgynkav dwwalgvliy emaagyppffadqpiqiyek ivsgkvrfps hfssdlkdll rnllqvdltk rfgnlkngvn diknhkwfattdwiaiyqrk veapfipkfk gpgdtsnfdd yeeeeirvsi nekcgkefse fcAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit betaisoform 11 Accession No. NP_001287845.1 (SEQ ID NO: 58)MAAYREPPCNQYTGTTTALQKLEGFASRLFHRHSKGTAHDQKTALENDSLHFSEHTALWDRSMKEFLAKAKEDFLKKWENPTQNNAGLEDFERKKTLGTGSFGRVMLVKHKATEQYYAMKILDKQKVVKLKQIEHTLNEKRILQAVNFPFLVRLEYAFKDNSNLYMVMEYVPGGEMFSHLRRIGRFSEPHARFYAAQIVLTFEYLHSLDLIYRDLKPENLLIDHQGYIQVTDFGFAKRVKGRTWTLCGTPEYLAPEIILSKGYNKAVDWWALGVLIYEMAAGYPPFFADQPIQIYEKIVSGKNFcAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit betaisoform 7 Accession No. NP_001229789.1 (SEQ ID NO: 59)MSARKSSDASACSSSEISDSFVKEFLAKAKEDFLKKWENPTQNNAGLEDFERKKTLGTGSFGRVMLVKHKATEQYYAMKILDKQKVVKLKQIEHTLNEKRILQAVNFPFLVRLEYAFKDNSNLYMVMEYVPGGEMFSHLRRIGRFSEPHARFYAAQIVLTFEYLHSLDLIYRDLKPENLLIDHQGYIQVTDFGFAKRVKGRTWTLCGYTPELAPEIILSKGYNKAVDWWALGVLIYEMAAGYPPFFADQPIQIYEKIVSGKVRFPSHFSSDLKDLLRNLLQVDLTKRFGNLKNGVSDIKTHKWFATTDWIAIYQRKVEAPFIPKFRGSGDTSNFDDYEEEDIRVSITEKCAKEFGEF

Example 2 Methods Cell Culture

A549 and MD-MBA-231 were grown in Dulbecco's modified Eagle medium(DMEM, Sigma) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (Sigma) and 1%GlutaMax (Thermo Fisher Scientific) at 37° C. under 5% CO2. U87-MG wasalso grown under similar conditions except that it was additionallysupplemented with 1% non-essential amino acids (Thermo FisherScientific). OMM1-3 was grown in RPMI1640 (Thermo Fisher Scientific)supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum and 1% GlutaMax. Humanastrocytes isolated from human brain (cerebral cortex), purchased fromSciencell Research Laboratories, were plated in dishes coated withpoly-L-Lysine and incubated at 37° C. in 5% CO2. At 70-80% confluency,the cells were either untreated or treated with 100 microM hydrogenperoxide (H₂O₂) for 2-4 hours and then harvested. H9C2 and CAD weregrown in Dulbecco's modified Eagle medium (DMEM, Sigma) under similarconditions mentioned above. SHSY5Y was grown in DMEM/F12 media with 10%FBS and 1% GlutaMax.

Pull-Down Experiments

GST-AKIP1 constructs were transfected into HEK-293 cells. Fortransfections, cells (seeded at 1.26106 cells/10-cm dish) were grown to70% confluence and transfected (2 microgram total plasmid DNA and 60microliter Effectene per 10 cm dish) according to manufacturer'sprotocol (Qiagen, Valencia, Calif., USA). 24 h post transfection, thecells were lysed and separated on 4-12% SDS-PAGE gels and subjected towestern blot analysis.

Immuno-Blot Analysis

The blots were probed with anti-GST, anti-AIF anti-HSP-70 and anti-PKAcantibodies to detect endogenous AIF, HSP-70 and PKAc. Similar pull downmethods were used for NF-kappaB except that the GST-AKIP1 constructswere co-transfected with flag-p65 subunit and flag-cREL subunit ofNF-kappaB. The blots were probed with anti-GST and anti-flag antibodies.The blots were developed with either ProSignal Pico or Dura substratesfrom Genesse Scientific. For the various western blot analysis, thefollowing antibodies were used at the given concentrations: anti-FLAG(1:1000), anti-AKIP1 (1:5000), anti-AIF (1:1000), anti-HSP-70 (1:1000),anti PKAc (1:1000) and anti-Actin (1:2000).

Peptide SPOT Analysis:

A peptide SPOT array was generated using amino acid sequences (15-18mers) from AKIP1, AIF, PKAc, HSP-70 and p65 that were synthesized ontoan AC-S01 type amino-PEGylated membrane using INTAVIS MultiPep peptidesynthesizer (INTAVIS Bioanalytical Instruments AG, Koeln, Germany). Thearray was activated with ethanol, washed and blocked with blocking agentsuch as 5% Milk in PBS containing 0.1-0.05% Tween for 2-3 hours. Themembrane was and incubated overnight with in vitro translated orpurified AKIP1 or AIF, PKAc, HSP-70 and p65 proteins. For example, AKIP1was generated by using untagged pRSET construct of AKIP 1a that was invitro translated using rabbit reticulate lysate. After incubation withthe protein, the peptide array was analyzed by Western blot analysis.The imaged spots were then scanned against the sequences to determinepotential binding sites/regions.

AKIP1 KO CRISPR Derived Cell Lines

AKIP1 CRISPR lines were obtained by Cas9-mediated genome editing vianonhomologous end joining (NHEJ) (Ran et al., 2013) Four gRNAs weredesigned, cloned into a plasmid containing GFP and transfected intoU87MG cells. SURVEYOR assays were performed and, based on cleavageefficiency, two of the gRNAs were selected and used for furtherexperiments. Populations of cells transfected were sorted by FACSanalysis followed by an expansion of the single cells to new clonal celllines for both the gRNAs. AKIP1 KO cells were selected by isolatinggenomic DNA followed by SURVEYOR assay. The Indel mutations wereverified by sequencing and confirmed by western blot analysis usingAKIP1-specific antibodies.

Cell Migration

The effect on cell migration was monitored as this plays a pivotal rolein cancer metastasis. For cell invasion assays, matrigel (finalconcentration of 200 microg/ml) was pipetted into each Corning permeableinsert placed in a 24-well plate and polymerized for 30 min at 37° C. WTand AKIP1 KO cells (2×10⁴) were plated in 200 microliter of conditionedmedium and incubated at 37° C. in 5% CO₂ for 20 h. The media was thencarefully removed from the insert. The cells at the bottom werecollected after trypsinization and the migrated cells were lysed,quantified using CyQuant® GR dye solution with a fluorescence platereader at 480 nm/520 nm.

AAVS1-AKIP1 Isoform Specific Rescue Cell Lines

GeneCopoeia AAVS1-specific CRISPR-Cas9 knock-in kit was used to generatestably expressed AKIP1 isoform specific cell lines according tomanufacturer's protocol. This system transfers the gene of interest on adonor plasmid into the AAVS1 safe harbor site on human chromosome 19 viaCRISPR-Cas9-mediated homologous recombination (HR). The donor plasmidhas a GFP and puromycin marker for selection. Briefly, U87 KO1 cellswere plated at around 50,000 cells/well in a 6 well plate so that theywere 70-80% confluent at the time of transfection. Then they wereco-transfected with AAVS1 plasmid containing CRISPR-Cas9 and the donorplasmid containing the knock-in clone. Puromycin (1 microg/microliter)selection was used to enrich the clones and then these clones werefurther selected for GFP positive cells using FACS.

Tumor Regression and Rescue in Xenograft Mouse Models

BALB/c mice (4-5 weeks of age, 18-20 g and mixed sexes) were housed andmaintained in full compliance with policies of the Institutional AnimalCore and Use Committee (IACUC). A small cohort of BALB/c mice of mixedsexes were randomly divided into two groups (n=6 per group). The micewere inoculated subcutaneously either with WT, with AKIP1 KO cells, orwith the AKIP1 isoform specific rescue cell lines (5×10⁵) in the leftdorsal flank. Tumors were examined twice weekly; length and widthmeasurements were obtained with calipers and tumor volumes werecalculated using the equation (L×W²)/2. The tumors were then resected,measured and photographed.

Brain Organelle and Optic Nerve Isolation

The organelles were isolated from adult Sprague Dawley Rats. All ratswere housed and maintained in full compliance with policies of theInstitutional Animal Core and Use Committee (IACUC).

In Silico Computational Programs

A number of in silico target validation software tools were used.

Heliquest was used to determine amphipathicity of the peptides. Theprogram was used obtain data about the mean hydrophobicity (

H

), the hydrophobic moment (μH) and the net charge (z). Discriminationfactor (D) was calculated to determine lipid binding. D depends on thehydrophobic moment (μH) and the net charge (z) and is defined accordingto: D=0.944 (

μH

)+0.33 (z). When D is above 0.68, then this region can be considered tobe a (potential) lipid-binding helix72. Further, 3D-Hydrophobic Momentwas used to determine the surface polarity of the peptides and is auseful tool in determining the amphipathicity of the peptides (Reisseret al., 2014).

Agadir was used to predict % Helicity Propensity and IUPred2 to predict%

Disorder. Agadir uses helix propensity scale based on studies of thestability of proteins and the -helix to-coil transition of peptides(Lacroix et al., 1998).

Intrinsically disordered regions (IDRs) are able to adapt disorder-orderconfirmation depending in the cellular milieu and its interactome. TheIDR predictor, IUPred2 uses an energy estimation method at its core.This approach utilizes a low-resolution statistical potential tocharacterize the tendencies of amino acid pairs to form contacts,observed in a collection of globular protein structures (Thomas et al.,1996). An amino acid residue having an IUPred2 score of >0.5 isconsidered disordered. Therefore, % Disorder of the peptide region wascalculated as: (No of amino acids with an IUPred2 Score of >0.5)/(Totalnumber of residues)*100.

Plasmid Construction and Expression of Peptide Fragments

The gene fragments of the selected peptide gene sequences were purchasedfrom Genewiz Inc. Briefly, pSNAP vector from New England Biolabs waslinearized by PCR method using 5×Q5 from New England Biolabs. Thepeptide gene fragments were cloned into pSNAP using the Gibson assemblykit in frame with the SNAP-fluorescent tag. These constructs were thentransfected into U87-MG cells using Invitrogen's Lipofectamine 3000.Twenty four hour post transfection, the cells were harvested andsubjected to western blot analysis or taken for live cell imaging.

Live Cell Imaging of the SNAP-Tagged Fused Peptides

For live cell imaging, cells were treated with 50 nM of 568 JaneliaFluor® Dye in Invitrogen's Fluorobrite media for 30 mins. The cells werethen washed two to three times with 1× Phosphate Buffered Saline (PBS).Fluorbrite media was then added to the cells incubated at 37° C. for 30minutes. The cells were then washed 3-5 times with PBS. Fluorobritemedia was then added to the cells and imaged on Zeiss axiovert invertedmicroscope using 549 excitation filter.

Dual-Luciferase Promoter Activity Assays

AKIP1 isoforms were cloned in-frame into pGL4.10[luc2] Vector downstreamof the Gal4 DNA binding domain. 10-20,000 HEK-293 cells were plated onto96 well white plates and transfected with AKIP1 constructs along withpRL (Renilla Luciferase plasmid). After 24 h post-transfection, the cellwere treated with Dual-Glo® Luciferase Buffer according tomanufacturer's protocol (Promega). Renilla Luminescence was used as aninternal control. The output of the luciferase assays was in relativeLuminescense units (RLU) which was normalized against the RLU fromexpressed Renilla Luciferase/well. Promoter activity was determined, andstatistical analysis of the data performed using MS Office Excel and theGraphPad Prism software (GraphPad Prism software Inc., US).

Apoptotic Assays Using Caspase-Glo® 3/7 Kit

Caspase-Glo® 3/7 assays (Promega) were performed according to themanufacturer's protocol. Briefly, 15,000-20,000 cells were seeded in a96 well white flat bottom plate. The peptide constructs were transfectedin triplicates using Lipofectamine 3000. Twenty four hourpost-transfection, the cells were equilibrated at room temperature andCaspase-Glo® 3/7 reagent was dispensed into each well and theluminescent signal was measured 30-60 mins incubation at roomtemperature. The blank reaction was used to measure backgroundluminescence associated with the cell culture system and Caspase-Glo®3/7 Reagent alone. The value for the blank reaction was subtracted fromexperimental values to obtain the relative luminescence values (RLU).The percentage change over the Scrambled control was calculated from themean as follows: [(Mean peptide RLU-Mean Scr RLU)/Scr RLU*100]. The Pvalue was calculated using the Student t Test.

Cell Viability Assay with CellTitre-Glo®

CellTitre-Glo® assays (Promega) were performed according to themanufacturer's protocol very similar to the method for Caspase-Glo® 3/7above. The value for the blank reaction was subtracted from experimentalvalue to obtain the relative luminescence value (RLU). For cancer cells,to determine decreased viability, the percentage change Scrambledcontrol over the peptides was calculated from the mean as follows:[(Mean Scr RLU−Mean peptide RLU)/Scr RLU*100]. For cardiac and neuronalcells, to determine increased cell viability, the percentage change overthe Scrambled control was calculated from the mean as follows: [(Meanpeptide RLU-Mean Scr RLU)/Scr RLU*100]. The P value was calculated usingthe Student t Test.

Example 3

Since AKIP1 causes metastasis and is involved in cancer progression, anumber of human metastatic cell lines including MD-MBA-231 (breastcancer), A541 (lung), OMM1-3 (Uveal Melanoma) and U87-MG (GlioblastomaMultiforme-GBM) were tested for the presence of AKIP1. A western blotshowed that AKIP1 is present in lung (A541), breast (MD-MBA231), eye(OMM1-3) and brain (U87-MG) cancer cell lines. Thus, AKIP1 is expressedin metastatic cell lines.

Example 4

AKIP1 expression was tested in dissected multiple rat brain regions.AKIP1 expression is negligible in cerebellum, cortex, midbrain and theoptic nerve. Furthermore, it is lowly expressed in normal glial cellssuch as astrocytes when compared to GBM cell lines such as U87-MG andU251. Furthermore, there is an increase in AKIP1 expression upontreatment with hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) to mimic oxidative stress. Thus,AKIP1 is minimally expressed in normal brain but highly expressed inGlioblastoma Multiforme (GBM) cell lines.

Example 5

CRISPR Knockout of AKIP1 abrogates cell invasion and causes tumorregression U87-MG serves as a model system for GBM. AKIP1 knock-out (KO)U87MG cells were created using CRISPR/CASP 9 genome editing and two ofthe KO (U87 KO1 and U87 KO2) cell lines were selected for furthertesting. Western blot analysis showed that the AKIP1 KO cell lines didnot express AKIP1. Deletion of AKIP1 results in decreased cell invasionin both the KO cell lines (FIG. 14 ). AKIP1 KO also causes reduction intumor volume (FIGS. 15-16 ). Consequently, AKIP1 is likely essential fortumor progression.

Example 6

There are three major splice variants of AKIP1: AKIP1a, AKIP1b, andAKIP1c. AKIP1b lacks the third exon. The predominant AKIP1c lacks thethird and fifth exon. A recent study identified another uncharacterizedsplice variant that lacks only the fifth exon which we designate here asAKIP1d. FIG. 2 compares the exon structure of the splice variants.

The isoforms show differential binding of the major AKIP1 isoforms tothe key interacting proteins such as PKAc, AIF, HSP-70 and p65 subunitof NF-kappaB. AKIP1a binds strongest to AIF and PKAc while all isoformsinteract with HSP-70. AKIP1a and AKIP1c bind to p65 of NF-kappaB whileAKIP1b binds to the cREL subunit of NF-kappaB. A dual luciferase assaywith AKIP1 isoforms shows that AKIP1c is constitutively active, unlikeAKIP1a or AKIP1b. Transcriptional assays of AKIP1 splice variants withGAL4 DNA binding domains show that AKIP1a and AKIP1b were minimallyactivating but AKIP1c showed four-fold increase luciferase activity.

Therefore, AKIP1 isoforms show differential binding and functionalities.

Example 7

Rescue experiments were performed by reintroducing the AKIP1 isoformsinto U87 KO1 cell-line at the predetermined “safe harbor” AAVS1 site onChromosome 19. AAVS1 knock-in clones of all the four isoforms (AKIP1a,AKIP1b, AKIP1c and AKIP1d) were constructed and using homologousrecombination were integrated into the AAVS1 site. Western blot analysisof the four knock-in cell lines showed high expression of thecorresponding isoform in the cell line. When tested in Xenograft micemodels, only AKIP1a (the full-length isoform present in human, rat andmouse) has tumor-initiating capacity and functioned as an oncogenicagent, while the rest of the isoforms failed to do so (FIGS. 17 and 18). Therefore, AKIP1a causes tumorigenesis, the other isoforms do not

Example 8 AKIP1-Disrupting Peptide (ADP) Design

Peptide SPOT analysis was initially used to identify plausible peptidesfrom AKIP1, PKAc, HSP-70 and p65 sequences. However, given thelimitations of peptide arrays and the need to handle stability, cellpenetration and other issues such as isoform specificity, variabilityand required functionality, the specific features as indicated in Table7 were employed in designing the peptides.

The peptide sequences, the proteins they are derived from and the lengthare summarized in Table 1 and Table 7.

TABLE 7 Peptide SEQ Name Protein ID No. Amino Acid Sequence LengthPEPTIDE1 AKIP1 1 REERPPTLSASFRTMAEFMDYTSSQCG (SEQ 27 ID NO: 1) PEPTIDE2AKIP1 2 RKDRKKTSLGPGGSYQISEHAPEASQP (SEQ ID 27 NO: 2) PEPTIDE3 AKIP1 3RRAVDWHALERPKGCMGVLAREAPHLEKQPAA 41 GPQRVLPGE (SEQ ID NO: 3) PEPTIDE4AKIP1 4 VTVGSNDLTKKTHVVAVDSGQSVDLVFPV (SEQ 29 ID NO: 4) PEPTIDE5 AKIP1 5DIGNGQRKDRKKTSLGPGGSYQISEHA (SEQ ID 27 NO: 5) PEPTIDE6 p65 6NSTDPAVFTDLASVDNSEFQQLLNQGIPVAPHT 49 TEPMLMEYPEAITRLV (SEQ ID NO: 6)PEPTIDE7 AKIP1 7 GGSYQISEHAPEASQPAENISKDLYIEVYPGTYS 34 (SEQ ID NO: 7)PEPTIDE8 p65 8 VKKRDLEQAISQRIQTNNNPFQVPIEEQRGDYD 38 LNAVR (SEQ ID NO: 8)PEPTIDE9 AKIP1 9 KYYSSVPEEGGATHVYRYHRGESKLHM (SEQ 27 ID NO: 9) PEPTIDE10PKAc 10 SHFSEHTALWDRSMKEFLAKAKEDFLKK (SEQ 28 beta1 ID NO: 10) PEPTIDE11AKIP1 11 LNGVDRRSLQRSARLALEVLERAK (SEQ ID 24 NO: 11) PEPTIDE12 AKIP1 12DNCLAAAALNGVDRRSLQRSARLALEVLERAKR 33 (SEQ ID NO: 12) PEPTIDE13 HSP- 13IMQDKLEKERNDAKNAVEEYVYEMRDKLSGEY 56 70 EKFVSEDDRNSFTLKLEDTENWLY (SEQ IDNO: 13) PEPTIDE14 p65 14 PLIFPAEPAQASGPYVEIIEQPKQ (SEQ ID 24 NO: 14)PEPTIDE15 HSP- 15 KSQVISNAKNTVQGFKRFHGRAFSDPFVEAEKS 86 70NLAYDIVQWPTGLTGIKVTYMEEERNFTTEQVT AMLLSKLKETAESVLKKPVV (SEQ ID NO: 15)PEPTIDE16 PKAc 16 TWTLCGTPEYLAPEIILSKGYNKAVDWWALGVLI 43 alphaYEMAAGYPP (SEQ ID NO: 16) PEPTIDE17 PKAc 17DWWALGVLIYEMAAGYPP (SEQ ID NO: 17) 18 alpha PEPTIDE18 p65 18VKKRDLEQAISQRIQTNNN (SEQ ID NO: 18) 19 PEPTIDE19 PKAc 19VKEFLAKAKEDFLKKWESPAQ (SEQ ID NO: 19) 21 alpha PEPTIDE20 PKAc 20LKKWENPTQNNAGLEDFERKK (SEQ ID NO: 20) 21 beta 7 PEPTIDE21 HSP- 21NFTTEQVTAMLLSKLKETAESVLKKPVV (SEQ 21 70 ID NO: 21) PEPTIDE22 PKAc 22LKKWESPAQNTAHLDQFERIK (SEQ ID NO: 22) 21 alpha PEPTIDE23 PKAc 23GNAAAAKKGSEQESVKEFLAKAKEDFLKK 29 alpha (SEQ ID NO: 23) PEPTIDE24 p65 24FTDLASVDNSEFQQLLNQ (SEQ ID NO: 24) 18 PEPTIDE25 p65 25STDPAVFTDLASVDNSEFQQLLNQG (SEQ ID 25 NO: 25) PEPTIDESCR 26GPGKESPPGGEVKPPERREPDQKIPQAPNTSS 44 SNFLLPLAWFFR (SEQ ID NO: 26)The scrambled peptide, as a control, was designed such that it waspartly helical, partly intrinsically disordered as well as it had thepotential for lipid binding and had a hydrophobic face.Computational analysis is tabulated in Table 8.

TABLE 8 Peptide % Hydrophobicity Hydrophobic Net HydrophobicDiscrimination % Name Helicity <H> Moment<mH> Charge Face factor “D”Disorder PEPTIDE1 1.77 0.26 0.26 −1 None −0.08 81.48 PEPTIDE2 0.28 0.000.10 2 None 0.76 100.00 PEPTIDE3 0.49 0.25 0.17 2 None 0.82 73.17PEPTIDE4 0.5 0.42 0.15 −1 VLV −0.19 37.93 PEPTIDE5 0.41 −0.02 0.16 2None 0.81 100.00 PEPTIDE6 1.52 0.45 0.17 −6 AAPL −1.82 44.90 PEPTIDE71.28 0.30 0.14 −4 A G I L A A −1.19 67.65 V PEPTIDE8 3.08 0.98 0.11 0None 0.10 81.58 PEPTIDE9 0.27 0.18 0.10 1 PLY 0.42 59.26 PEPTIDE10 17.510.21 0.34 1 FAM 0.65 42.86 PEPTIDE11 5.58 0.12 0.31 3 AL 1.28 45.83PEPTIDE12 14.27 0.15 0.21 3 AAL 1.19 36.36 PEPTIDE13 4.56 0.03 0.15 −7LMVF −2.17 25.00 PEPTIDE14 0.15 0.50 0.23 −2 I A F P Y P −0.44 79.17 P IPEPTIDE15 4.33 0.36 0.03 0 IAWFLY 0.03 15.12 PEPTIDE16 1.58 0.69 0.91 −2W G P G G 0.20 19.05 A L Y Y W PEPTIDE17 2.56 0.84 0.23 −2 M L Y I W−0.45 5.56 A G P Y W A V P PEPTIDE18 4.57 −0.04 0.15 2 None 0.80 100.00PEPTIDE19 16.03 0.20 0.47 1 AVPFW 0.77 57.14 PEPTIDE20 0.94 −0.05 0.21 1LP 0.53 100.00 PEPTIDE21 9.26 0.37 0.18 1 None 0.50 39.29 PEPTIDE22 0.560.18 0.07 1 LP 0.40 90.48 PEPTIDE23 11.63 −0.04 0.21 2 AAV 0.86 55.17PEPTIDE24 1.24 0.35 0.38 −3 None −0.63 0.00 PEPTIDE25 1.57 0.32 0.24 −4F G F A P L −1.10 36.00 PEPTIDESCR 0.05 0.21 0.16 4 MGPP 1.47 86.36Representative conservative amino acid substitutions are provided in theTable below.

TABLE 9 Amino Acid NAME Position Potential Substitutions PEPTIDE1 3E A,D, G, K, N, P, Q, R, S, T 5P A, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, K, L, M, N, P, Q,R, S, T, V, W 10A E, G, K, P, S, T, V 13R A, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, L, M,N, P, Q, R, S, T, V, Y 14T A, D, E, G, I, K, L, N, P, S, V 18F I, L, V,W, Y 20D A, E, G, H, K, N, P, Q, R, S, T PEPTIDE2 5K A, E, G, H, K, L,N, P, Q, S, T 12G A, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, L, M, N, P, Q, R, S, T, V, W,Y 13G A, C, E, F, G, H, I, K, L, N, P, Q, R, S, T, V, Y 14S A, C, D, E,F, G, H, K, L, M, N, P, Q, R, S, T, W, Y 17I A, L PEPTIDE3 7H E, H, K,N, P, Q 9L A, F, I, M, T, V 11R A, F, I, K, M, Q, R, V 15C A, C, D, G,N, T 20A A, G, P, T, V, Y 21R A, G, K, Q 23A D, G, H, I, K, L, N, P, Q,R, S, T, V, Y 25H A, C, F, G, H, I, L, N, R, S, T, V 26L A, D, E, F, G,H, I, L, N, P, Q, R, S, T, V, Y 28K A, E, G, K, N, Q, S 29Q A, E, G, H,L, N, Q, R, S, T 30P A, G, L, S, T, V 35Q F, I, K, M, Q, R, V 36R A, C,G, K, S, T PEPTIDE4 5S G, S, T 6N A, D, E, G, H, K, S, T 7D A, E, G, K,N, P, Q, S, T 13H K, Q, R 19S A, G, P, T PEPTIDE5 2I A, C, D, E, F, G,H, I, L, M, N, P, Q, R, S, T, V, W, Y 11K A, E, G, H, K, L, N, P, Q, S,T 18G A, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, L, M, N, P, Q, R, S, T, V, W, Y 19G A, C,E, F, G, H, I, K, L, N, P, Q, R, S, T, V, Y 20S A, C, D, E, F, G, H, K,L, M, N, P, Q, R, S, T, V, W, Y PEPTIDE6 2S D, S 6A G, S, T 28P A, S 29VA, D, E, F, G, H, I, K, M, N, P, Q, R, S, T, V, Y 30A G, P, S, T, V 31PA, D, E, G, H, K, N, S 32H A, D, E, F, G, H, K, L, P, Q, R, S, T, V, Y34T G, T PEPTIDE7 3S A, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, K, M, N, P, Q, R, S, T, V,W, Y 4Y A, C, E, F, G, H, I, K, L, N, Q, R, S, T, V 5Q E, H, K, P, R 9HA, C, D, E, F, H, I, K, L, M, N, P, Q, R, S, T, V, Y 11P A, I, K, M, Q,V 12E A, D, G, K, N, P, Q, R, S, T 15Q A, E, H, L, N, Q, R, S, T, W 16PA, G, K, P, R, T PEPTIDE8 5D A, D, K, Q 8Q A, D, G, H, I, K, L, M, N, P,Q, R, S, T, V 12Q A, D, E, F, G, H, I, L, M, N, P, Q, R, S, T, V, Y 14IL, M, V 15Q A, D, E, K, N, Q, S, T 17N A, D, E, G, K, S 24P A, G, S, T25I A, F, M, P, Q, T, V, Y 27E D, K, N, Q 28Q A, D, E, F, G, H, I, L, M,N, P, Q, R, S, T, V, Y 29R A, E, G, H, L, N, P, Q, R, S, T, V 36A G, S,T, V PEPTIDE9 3Y A, C, F, G, I, L, S, T, V, W 4S A, F, G, I, K, L, N, P,T, V 6V A, I, L, M, T 7P A, D, E, F, G, I, K, M, N, P, Q, R, S, T, V, Y12A S, T 13T A, G, S, V 16Y A, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, K, L, M, N, P, Q, R,S, T, V, W 24K A, D, G, I, K, L, M, N, P, Q, R, S, T, V 26H D, E, G, K,N, Q, R, S PEPTIDE10 1S A, D, E, G, K, L, N, Q, R, S, T, V 3F A, C, E,F, G, H, I, K, L, M, N, P, Q, R, S, T, W, Y 6H A, C, D, E, F, G, H, I,K, L, M, N, P, Q, R, S, T, V, W 8A A, C, E, F, I, K, L, M, P, Q, S, T 9LF, I, M, V 12R A, D, E, G, H, I, L, N, P, Q, R, S, T, V, Y 13S C, D, E,F, G, H, I, K, L, M, N, P, Q, R, S, T, V, Y 16E A, D, K, Q 17F A, D, E,G, H, I, K, L, M, N, P, Q, R, S, T, V, W, Y 27K A, D, E, G, H, K, L, N,P, Q, S, T, V PEPTIDE11 2N A, D, E, G, H, K, P, Q, R, S, T, W, Y 3G A,C, D, E, F, K, L, N, P, Q, R, S, T, V 5D E, G, H, N 12S A, D, G, I, K,L, N, P, Q, T, V 13A G, I, L, S, V 14R A, E, G, K, N, Q, S, T 15L F, I,M, Q, V 17L A, E, F, G, H, I, L, M, N, P, Q, R, S, T, V, Y PEPTIDE12 1DA, D, K, Q 2N A, D, E, F, G, H, I, K, L, N, P, Q, R, T, V, Y 3C C, F, I,L, V, W 4L A, E, F, I, K, M, P, Q, R, S, T, V 5A G, I, K, L, P, S, T, V6A C, D, E, G, K, L, N, P, Q, R, S, T, V 7A C, D, E, F, G, I, K, L, N,P, Q, R, S, T, V, Y 10N A, D, E, G, H, K, P, Q, R, S, T, W, Y 11G A, C,D, E, F, K, L, N, P, S, T, V 20S A, D, G, K, L, N, P, T, V 21A G, I, L,S, V 22R A, E, G, K, N, Q 25L A, E, F, G, H, I, L, M, N, P, Q, R, S, T,V, Y PEPTIDE13 2M A, D, E, F, G, H, I, K, L, M, N, P, Q, R, 0.92 S, T, V11N A, D, G, I, K, L, N, P, Q, R, S, T, V 29S A, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, K,L, M, N, P, Q, R, S, T, V 31E A, D, G, I, K, L, N, P, Q, R, S, T, V 37SA, C, D, E, G, I, K, L, N, Q, R, S, V 39D A, D, G, K, L, N, P, Q, R, S,T, V 41R A, E, H, K, L, Q, S, T 42N D, K, N, Q, S 43S A, D, E, G, N, Q,R, S, T, V 45T A, I, K, L, N, R, S, V 46L A, D, G, K, L, N, P, Q, R, S,T, V 49E A, D, E, G, K, S, T PEPTIDE14 3I A, F, H, I, L, V 6A D, E, K,Q, S 7E A, D, K, S 9A A, D, K, Q, R, S, T 10Q A, D, K, Q, R, S, T 11A A,D, E, Q, R, S, T 12S A, D, K, N, P, Q, R, S, T 13G A, G, K, N, Q, R, SPEPTIDE15 8A A, C, F, G, H, I, K, L, M, N, Q, R, S, T, V 13Q A, E, F, G,H, I, K, L, N, Q, R, S, T, V 22A A, D, E, G, N, Q, R, S, T 27F A, H, I,L, Q, S, V, Y 30A A, D, E, G, L, N, Q, R, S, T 33S A, D, G, K, L, N, P,Q, R, S, T, V 34N A, E, F, G, H, I, K, L, N, Q, R, S, T, V 38D A, D, G,K, L, N, Q, R, S, T 40V A, D, G, I, K, L, N, Q, R, S, T, V 41Q A, D, K,P, Q 42W F, M, Q, R, T, V, Y 43P A, G, K, N, S 52T A, E, L, Q, R, T 59NA, E, F, G, H, I, K, L, N, Q, R, S, T, V 79S A, D, E, I, K, L, N, Q, R,T, Y 0.98 PEPTIDE16 2W D, F, H, K, N, S, Y 11L I, M, V, W 17L A, D, E,G, H, I, K, M, N, P, Q, R, S, T, V 18S A, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, K, L, M,Q, R, S, T, V, Y 22N D, G, S, T 24A G, P, S, T 34I F, L, M, T, V 38A A,I, M, T, V 39A C, I, L, N, S, T, V 41Y A, E, F, H, I, K, L, N, Q, R, S,T, V PEPTIDE17 4A S, T 9I L, V 13A A, I, V 14A C, N, S, T, V 16Y A, F,H, I, L PEPTIDE18 5D A, D, K, Q 6L I, V 8Q A, D, G, H, I, K, L, M, N, P,Q, R, S, T, V 11S S, T 12Q A, D, E, G, H, I, L, M, N, P, Q, R, S, T, V,Y 14I L, M, V 15Q A, D, E, K, Q, S, T 17N D, G, S

Example 9

Nucleic acids encoding each of the peptide sequences PEPTIDE1-PEPTIDE23were used to generate peptides (T-PEPTIDE) with the following additionalsequence elements (see FIG. 19 ): A Linear Tumor or cardiac penetratingpeptide sequence (TPP/CTP) for delivery to cancer or heart cells (Sharmaet al., 2017). The TPP sequence—MAKRGARSTA—(SEQ ID NO:58) has anembedded CendR motif (R/K/XXR/K) to induce both cellular uptake andtissue penetration. The peptides also included a SNAP tag for imagingand a FLAG tag for westerns/pull downs. The SNAP and FLAG tags wereattached in series at the C terminus. A TEV cleavage site was alsointroduced to obtain untagged peptide upon cleavage. Each of the vectorconstructs were expressed in U87-MG cells and analyzed by westernblotting and imaging to confirm expression.

Example 10 Select Peptides Increase Apoptosis in U87-MG GlioblastomaCell Lines

The efficacy of the 25 disclosed peptides to cause apoptosis in theU87-MG cells was measured using Caspase-Glo® 3/7 Assay. For each of thepeptides, the percentage change over the scrambled control was tabulatedand a cut-off value at 20 with a P Value of <0.05%. As shown in Table10, 17 out of the 25 peptides were able to cause significant apoptosisin U87-MG cells.

TABLE 10 T-PEPTIDE No % Increase of Apoptosis Over SCR P ValueT-PEPTIDE1 41 0.016 T-PEPTIDE2 42 0.034 T-PEPTIDE3 81 0.003 T-PEPTIDE450 0.002 T-PEPTIDE5 78 0.001 T-PEPTIDE6 −19 0.086 T-PEPTIDE7 28 0.034T-PEPTIDE8 30 0.034 T-PEPTIDE9 151 0.005 T-PEPTIDE10 99 0.004T-PEPTIDE11 30 0.002 T-PEPTIDE12 0 0.495 T-PEPTIDE13 75 0.003T-PEPTIDE14 71 0.003 T-PEPTIDE15 20 0.028 T-PEPTIDE16 44 0.003T-PEPTIDE17 103 0.008 T-PEPTIDE18 −2 0.367 T-PEPTIDE19 9 0.186T-PEPTIDE20 61 0.011 T-PEPTIDE21 22 0.041 T-PEPTIDE23 17 0.185T-PEPTIDE24 3 0.318 T-PEPTIDE25 −2 0.401 T-PEPTIDESCR 0 NA

The following 17 out 25 peptides caused apoptosis: T-PEPTIDE1,T-PEPTIDE2, T-PEPTIDE3, T-PEPTIDE4, T-PEPTIDE5, T-PEPTIDE7, T-PEPTIDE8,T-PEPTIDE9, T-PEPTIDE10, T-PEPTIDE11, T-PEPTIDE13, T-PEPTIDE14,T-PEPTIDE15, T-PEPTIDE16, T-PEPTIDE17, T-PEPTIDE20 and T-PEPTIDE21.

Example 11

Full Length AKIP Isoforms Did not Show Consistent Apoptotic Activity

In contrast, the stable or transfected AKIP1 isoforms gave inconsistentresults both in U87-MG as well as in other cancer cell lines. In aCaspase assay, AKIP1a, AKIP1b, AKIP1c showed high apoptosis and highcell viability while AKIP1d showed low apoptosis and low viability.

TABLE 11 Stable Cell line % Increase of Apoptosis Over U87_WT P ValueAKIP1a 51 0.0103 AKIP1b 98 0.0003 AKIP1c 28 0.0003 AKIP1d −30 0.0009

TABLE 11 Stable Cell line % Increase of Viability Over U87_WT P ValueAKIP1a 4 0.023 AKIP1b 6 0.026 AKIP1c 1 0.006 AKIP1d −28 0.415

Example 12

CellTiter-Glo® Luminescent Cell Viability was used to test the peptidesin U87-MG cells and other cancer cell lines including lung (A549),metastatic breast cancer MD-MBA231, uveolar melanoma (OMM1-3) andanother metastatic brain cancer cells (U251).

TABLE 12 U87 U251 A547 MD-MBA-231 OMM1-3 % % % % % Increase of Increaseof Increase of Increase of Increase of T-PEPTIDE Apoptosis P Apoptosis PApoptosis P Apoptosis P Apoptosis P No Over SCR Value Over SCR ValueOver SCR Value Over SCR Value Over SCR Value T- 32 0.028 34 0.006 190.021 53 0.002 26 0.016 PEPTIDE1 T- 42 0.016 27 0.027 21 0.038 51 0.00020 0.028 PEPTIDE2 T- 46 0.018 16 0.040 56 0.007 51 0.000 −90 0.026PEPTIDE3 T- 23 0.010 23 0.002 62 0.008 52 0.017 17 0.026 PEPTIDE4 T- 200.043 −23 0.023 29 0.001 31 0.000 −45 0.145 PEPTIDE5 T- 27 0.026 −280.012 8 0.069 1 0.431 −60 0.096 PEPTIDE6 T- 22 0.040 −21 0.021 33 0.00441 0.000 −56 0.093 PEPTIDE7 T- 36 0.014 33 0.005 15 0.042 37 0.002 −840.042 PEPTIDE8 T- 21 0.046 −15 0.080 9 0.049 47 0.000 8 0.078 PEPTIDE9T- 28 0.015 19 0.014 −7 0.199 38 0.018 −137 0.010 PEPTIDE10 T- 16 0.053−22 0.049 17 0.006 37 0.003 −7 0.264 PEPTIDE11 T- 23 0.045 14 0.061 50.226 3 0.259 71 0.044 PEPTIDE12 T- 24 0.048 −23 0.017 28 0.006 36 0.007−60 0.066 PEPTIDE13 T- 25 0.038 −9 0.001 23 0.014 43 0.003 −11 0.098PEPTIDE14 T- 24 0.036 −28 0.004 9 0.023 41 0.002 −101 0.023 PEPTIDE15 T-21 0.017 −17 0.002 1 0.468 32 0.025 −93 0.094 PEPTIDE16 T- 29 0.006 −100.011 −1 0.447 35 0.068 24 0.078 PEPTIDE17 T- 27 0.035 −15 0.000 250.007 59 0.002 −104 0.013 PEPTIDE18 T- 18 0.013 −35 0.000 −11 0.139 160.099 −89 0.013 PEPTIDE19 T- 34 0.011 12 0.029 −3 0.326 −37 0.026 −890.126 PEPTIDE20 T- 25 0.040 20 0.015 4 0.240 5 0.150 −184 0.032PEPTIDE21 T- 29 0.012 −20 0.012 −8 0.215 11 0.120 −119 0.036 PEPTIDE22T- 14 0.030 −15 0.037 −9 0.187 −14 0.080 51 0.055 PEPTIDE23 T- 0 0 0 0 0PEPTIDESCR The following 15 out of 23 peptides had decreased cellviability in at least three cell lines (a positive value with a P Valueof <0.05%)-T-PEPTIDE1, T-PEPTIDE2, T-PEPTIDE3, T-PEPTIDE3, T-PEPTIDE4,T-PEPTIDE5, T-PEPTIDE7, T-PEPTIDE8, T-PEPTIDE9, T-PEPTIDE10,T-PEPTIDE11, T-PEPTIDE13, T-PEPTIDE14, T-PEPTIDE15, T-PEPTIDE17, andT-PEPTIDE18. PEPTIDE24 AND PEPTIDE 25 were not tested due to very lowapoptosis.

Example 13

The peptides were also tested for their effect in cell viability incardiac and neuronal cell lines: Since AKIP1 has a protective role inthe heart and possible neuronal cells, the peptides were tested in ratcardiac (H9C2), human neuroblastoma (SHSY5Y) and mouse neuroblastoma(CAD cells) to check the ability of the peptides to increase cellviability using CellTiter-Glo® Luminescent Cell Viability Assay. Thepercentage increase over Scr was determined. All peptides showinggreater than 5% increase over Scr were considered anti-apoptotic.

TABLE 13 Type Neuronal Neuronal Candiac Cell line CAD SHSY5Y H9C2 %Increase % Increase % Increase of Cell of Cell of Cell T-PEPTIDEViability Viability Viability No Over SCR P Value Over SCR P Value OverSCR P Value T-PEPTIDE1 −23 0.010 −5 0.162 −25 0.000 T-PEPTIDE2 −29 0.004−4 0.255 −26 0.001 T-PEPTIDE3 −13 0.022 −2 0.252 −18 0.002 T-PEPTIDE4 110.051 0 0.381 −5 0.125 T-PEPTIDE5 −1 0.456 −2 0.120 −6 0.048 T-PEPTIDE620 0.060 0 0.482 14 0.012 T-PEPTIDE7 −20 0.019 −3 0.197 −12 0.004T-PEPTIDE8 19 0.027 −1 0.060 −23 0.003 T-PEPTIDE9 −9 0.086 −1 0.267 40.224 T-PEPTIDE10 6 0.139 −2 0.096 −7 0.101 T-PEPTIDE11 8 0.161 0 0.4972 0.396 T-PEPTIDE12 14 0.061 −3 0.113 −10 0.011 T-PEPTIDE13 −23 0.017 −50.113 −2 0.267 T-PEPTIDE14 −24 0.016 −4 0.091 7 0.096 T-PEPTIDE15 −280.004 6 0.077 5 0.088 T-PEPTIDE16 −23 0.004 1 0.390 3 0.051 T-PEPTIDE17−25 0.000 2 0.162 −13 0.013 T-PEPTIDE18 −23 0.010 −5 0.004 −3 0.226T-PEPTIDE19 −41 0.002 1 0.402 −1 0.427 T-PEPTIDE20 2 0.173 2 0.276 −110.063 T-PEPTIDE21 20 0.015 −3 0.016 −5 0.033 T-PEPTIDE22 −20 0.012 40.107 0 0.499 T-PEPTIDE23 −15 0.037 4 0.116 −5 0.220 T-PEPTIDESCR 0 0 0The following 7 out of 23 peptides had increased cell viability in atleast two cell lines (a positive value with a P Value of<0.05%)-T-PEPTIDE4, T-PEPTIDE6, T-PEPTIDE8, T-PEPTIDE10, T-PEPTIDE11,T-PEPTIDE12 and T-PEPTIDE16.

Example 14

The transfected AKIP1 isoforms were also tested for their effect in cellviability in cardiac and neuronal cell lines using the CellTiter-Glo®Luminescent Cell Viability Assay. The percentage increase over Scr wasdetermined as (Mean SCRRLU-Mean Peptide RLU)/Scr RLU*100. In contrast tosome of the ADPs, none of the stable AKIP1 isoforms showedanti-apoptotic activity.

TABLE 14 Type Neuronal Neuronal Cardiac Cell Line CAD SHSY5Y H9C2 %Increase of % Increase of % Increase of Viability Viability ViabilityOver Vector Over Vector Over Vector Control P Value Control P ValueControl P Value AKIP1a −6 0.252 −1 0.314 −5 0.216 AKIP1b −6 0.169 00.348 −1 0.438 AKIP1c −5 0.232 −1 0.249 −3 0.115

Example 15 Pro-Apoptotic Peptides. Anti-Apoptotic Peptides. And Peptidesthat are Both Pro-Apoptotic and Anti-Apoptotic

The active ADPs were categorized regarding the following criteria:

1) Decreased cell viability in at least 3 cancer cell lines or decreasedcell viability in at least 2 cancer cells and very high apoptosis(>100).2) Improved cell viability in cardiac or neuronal cell lines anddecreased viability in at least 2 cancer cell lines.

TABLE 15 Proapoptotic Decreased Cell Viability Anti-apoptotic PEPTIDE1PEPTIDE1 PEPTIDE2 PEPTIDE2 PEPTIDE3 PEPTIDE3 PEPTIDE4 PEPTIDE4 PEPTIDE4PEPTIDE5 PEPTIDE5 PEPTIDE6 PEPTIDE7 PEPTIDE7 PEPTIDE8 PEPTIDE8 PEPTIDE8PEPTIDE9 PEPTIDE9 PEPTIDE10 PEPTIDE10 PEPTIDE10 PEPTIDE11 PEPTIDE11PEPTIDE11 PEPTIDE12 PEPTIDE13 PEPTIDE13 PEPTIDE14 PEPTIDE14 PEPTIDE15PEPTIDE15 PEPTIDE16 PEPTIDE16 PEPTIDE17 PEPTIDE17 PEPTIDE18Consequently, Pro-apoptotic (anti-angiogenic) peptides INCLUDE:PEPTIDE1, PEPTIDE2, PEPTIDE3, PEPTIDE4, PEPTIDE5, PEPTIDE7, PEPTIDE8,PEPTIDE9, PEPTIDE10, PEPTIDE11, PEPTIDE13, PEPTIDE14, PEPTIDE15,PEPTIDE16, PEPTIDE17 AND PEPTIDE18; and anti-apoptotic (pro-angiogenic)peptides include: PEPTIDE4, PEPTIDE6, PEPTIDE8, PEPTIDE10, PEPTIDE11,PEPTIDE12, PEPTIDE16. PEPTIDE4, PEPTIDE8, PEPTIDE10, PEPTIDE11 andPEPTIDE16 showed both pro and anti-apoptotic effect. This is feasiblesince these peptides could include effectors for both functionsdepending on the specific pathways activated in the different celltypes.

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All publications, patents and patent applications are incorporatedherein by reference. While in the foregoing specification, thisinvention has been described in relation to certain preferredembodiments thereof, and many details have been set forth for purposesof illustration, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art thatthe invention is susceptible to additional embodiments and that certainof the details herein may be varied considerably without departing fromthe basic principles of the invention.

What is claimed is:
 1. A pharmaceutical composition comprising aneffective amount of a liposome, a non-antibody scaffold or ananoparticle comprising a peptide, or a fusion peptide having aheterologous peptide and the peptide, wherein the peptide consists ofSEQ ID NO:4, SEQ ID NO:6, SEQ ID NO:8 SEQ ID NO:10, SEQ ID NO:11, SEQ IDNO:12, or SEQ ID NO:16 or a peptide having the length of SEQ ID NO:4,SEQ ID NO:6, SEQ ID NO:8 SEQ ID NO:10, SEQ ID NO:11, SEQ ID NO:12, orSEQ ID NO:16 and at least 85% amino acid sequence identity to thesequence of SEQ ID NO:4, SEQ ID NO:6, SEQ ID NO:8 SEQ ID NO:10, SEQ IDNO:12, or SEQ ID NO:16, which peptide induces angiogenesis.
 2. Thepharmaceutical composition of claim 1 which comprises the peptide. 3.The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1 which comprises the fusionpeptide.
 4. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1 wherein theheterologous peptide is a cell targeting peptide or tissue targetingpeptide.
 5. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 4, wherein the celltargeting peptide is RVG29, CDX, Angiopep-2, ApoB (3371-3409), ApoE(159-167)2, Peptide-22, TfR B6, T7, THR, Leptin 30, Apamin, ApOO,MiniAp-4, GSH, G23, g7, Tat(47-57), SynBI, Diketopiperazine,Phenylproline oligomer, PepH3, or PepNeg.
 6. The pharmaceuticalcomposition of claim 1 further comprising a pharmaceutically acceptablecarrier.
 7. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1 which comprises aliposome.
 8. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1 wherein thepeptide is PEGylated.
 9. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1wherein the peptide has 4, 5, 6, 7, 10, 12, or 15 fewer amino acidresidues relative to SEQ ID NO:4, SEQ ID NO:6, SEQ ID NO:8 SEQ ID NO:10,SEQ ID NO:11, SEQ ID NO:12, or SEQ ID NO:16.
 10. The pharmaceuticalcomposition of claim 1 wherein the peptide has at least 90% amino acidsequence identity to SEQ ID NO:4, SEQ ID NO:6, SEQ ID NO:8 SEQ ID NO:10,SEQ ID NO:11, SEQ ID NO:12, or SEQ ID NO:16.
 11. The pharmaceuticalcomposition of claim 1 wherein the peptide is a peptidomimetic.
 12. Thepharmaceutical composition of claim 1 wherein the peptide is cyclic orbranched.
 13. A method to enhance angiogenesis in a mammal, comprising:administering to a mammal in need thereof an effective amount of thecomposition of claim
 1. 14. The method of claim 13 wherein the mammal isa human.
 15. The method of claim 13 wherein the mammal has a vasculardisease or condition, a circulatory disease or condition, a neurologicaldisease, a wound, an endocrine or metabolic disease, a pulmonarydisorder, a hypertensive disease, a respiratory disease, a glomerulardisease, genitourinary system disease, a digestive system disease, anage-related disease, a common variable immunodeficiency or neonatalrespiratory distress syndrome, preeclampsia or a congenital circulatoryabnormality.
 16. The method of claim 15 wherein the circulatory diseaseor condition is a cardiovascular disease.
 17. The method of claim 16wherein the cardiovascular disease is ischemic heart disease, CAD(coronary heart disease), heart failure, myocardial infarction,congenital heart block, cardiomyopathy, pericarditis, endocarditis,arrhythmia, or atrial fibrillation.
 18. A pharmaceutical compositioncomprising a peptide, wherein the peptide has the length of SEQ ID NO:4,SEQ ID NO:6, SEQ ID NO:8, SEQ ID NO:10, SEQ ID NO:11, SEQ ID NO:12, orSEQ ID NO:16, and at least 85% amino acid sequence identity to thesequence of SEQ ID NO:4, SEQ ID NO:6, SEQ ID NO:8, SEQ ID NO:10, SEQ IDNO:11, SEQ ID NO:12, or SEQ ID NO:16, wherein the peptide comprises atleast one unnatural amino acid.
 19. The pharmaceutical composition ofclaim 18 which further comprises liposomes.
 20. The pharmaceuticalcomposition of claim 18 which further comprises a pharmaceuticallyacceptable carrier.